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Synthetic Theory of Evolution

Synthetic Theory of evolution

Theory of evolution supported by the work of a number of scientists; T. Dobzhansky, R.A. Fisher, J.B.S. Haldane, Swall Wright, Ernst Mayr, and G.L. Stebbins. It is based in five basic factors:

1. Mutation:

Alteration in the chemistry of gene (DNA) is able to change its phenotypic effect this is called point mutation or gene mutation. The changes may be harmful and lethal or can remain insignificant.

2. Variation or Recombination:

New genotypes from already existing genesis of several types : (1) the production of gene combinations containing the same indi­vidual two different alleles of the same gene, or the production of heterozygous individuals ; (2) the random mixing of chromosomes from two parents ; (3) the exchange between chromosomal pairs of particular alleles during meiosis, called crossing over, to produce new gene combinations.

References:

http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/evolution/modern-synthetic-theory-of-evolution/23322/

http://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/synthetic-theory-1

Speciation (origin of new species):

An isolated population of a species independently develops different types of mutations. After several generations, it becomes genetically and reproductively different from other so as to constitute a new species.

(5) Isolation:

(4) Natural selection:

It refers to the separation of species into several populations or groups under psychic, physiological or geographical factor. Geographical barriers may include rivers, oceans, and high mountains. Because it's also known as reproductive isolation it does not allow the interbreeding amongst the organisms of different spe­cies.

It brings about evolutionary change by favoring differential reproduction of genes which produces change in gene frequency from generations. Once genetic change has occurred, it acts to encourage some genes over others. It is constantly modifying and molding the gene combination to find the best combination.

(3) Heredity:

The transmission of variations from parent to offspring is an important mechanism of evolution. As a result, the offsprings are able to benefit from the advantageous characteristics of their parents.

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