Chapter 16 Citizenship and the law

Chapter 16

Citizenship and the law

Chapter Vocabulary

Crime:

Any act that breaks the law and for which there is a punishment.

Criminal:

a person who commits any type of crime.

Felonies:

Serious crimes.

Misdemeanors:

Less serious crimes

Victimless Crimes:

crimes where the criminal doesnt affect a persons rights.

White-collar Crimes:

nonviolent crimes

Criminal justice system:

the three-part system consisting of the police, courts, and corrections that is used to keep the peace and bring criminals to justice.

Probable Cause:

the officer must have witnessed the crime or must have gathered enough evidence to make an arrest.

Arrest warrant:

An authorization by the court to make an arrest.

Arraignment:

When the defendant pleads guilty or not guilty.

Acquit:

The jury must find the defendant not guilty of a crime.

Plea Bargain:

The defendant pleads guilty to a lesser offense.

Juvenile:

someone under the age of 18

Delinquents:

Juvenile who breaks the law.

Probation:

period of time where a offender is given an opportunity to reform.

Section 1

The FBI collects information on crime in the United States. They have found that there are 29 types of crime that they know of.

Crimes against the person have something to do with forceor the threat of force. They include acts that harm a person end a life of a person or threaten to end a life.

Crimes against property involve the stealing or destorying of someones property.

Victimless crimes are crimes where there isn't a victim. Thus the name victimless.

white-collar crimes are nonviolent crimes.

Organized crime is specialized in providing illegal goods and services.

Causes of crime include poverty, illegal drug use, permissive society, urbanization, or multiple cause. There are other types also includingtechnological and social change.

Section 2

police play a large part in the justice system they have training and they arrest the criminals.

the courts play a large part as well they have a hearing then a grand jury and an indictment an arrignment which is an option for the defendant to plead guilty or not guilty, the trial, and then the sentencing. the defendalnt can strike a plea bargainfor a lesser offense.

Punishment has three options imprisonment parole and capital punishment.

Stages in the Criminal Justice System

Crime

Investigation

Charged

Hearing

Dismissed

Held for Trial or Bail

Plea

Trial

Jail

Probation

Section 3

the causes of juvinile delinquency are poor home conditions, poor nieghborhood conditions, gang membership, dropping out of school and unemployment, alcohol and drugs, and peer pressure.

reform has multiple options including foster care, juvinile correction, probation, counseling.

criminal justice system: the three part system consisting of police, courts, and corrections that is used to keep the peace adn bring criminals to justice

Arrest

Nonviolent crimes.

Guilty

Not Guilty

Fine