Unit 1 Language

What has your experience with the learning of a second language been like?

Why do you think they are trying to communicate with apes?

Language topics

Create a conversation in which you talk about the difficulties of learning English.

• Is it better to learn a foreign language at a young age?
• Why would you consider important to learn more than one language?
• Should schools in non-native speaking countries prioritize the learning of English?
• Should Quechua be taught in Peruvian schools?
• Will English be the truly global language for a very long time?

As a reporter, Michael was really good at finding a good story.

He took a risk for the deal because he thought he could make some big money.

As a reporter, Michael had a nose for a good story.

Adverbs and adverbial phrases

He stuck his neck out for the deal because he thought he could make some big money.

We found the keys.

He has now held five cabinet posts and continues being considered someone reliable.

evaluative - time - certainty - degree - manner - place - frequency

• When did I find them?
• Where did I find them?
• How do I feel about it?

Thankfully, we soon found the keys next to the box.

He has now held five cabinet posts and continues being a safe pair of hands.

1. We walked very carefully across the floor.

2. Dad got home very late.

3. Here is where I was born.

4. They almost never invite people to their house these days.

5. The train will probably be late.

6. Unfortunately for me, I can’t speak Italian.

7. That dog behaves incredibly stupidly!

• How did Ellen Macarthur learn French?
• What does Caroline Wyatt involuntarily do while talking in French?
• What did Chris Packham ask his neighbors to do?

Mary wanted to tell her boyfriend that she had cheated on him, but she decided not to.

Mary wanted to tell her boyfriend that she had cheated on him, but she bit her tongue.

He usually stays quite calm in meetings but this time he just became really upset.

Parts of Speech

He usually stays quite calm in meetings but this time he just lost his head.

very well, angrily, as fast as possible, by chance, gradually, gentle, generously, slowly, roughly

I know my brother has tried very hard to be re-elected, so his victory tonight is certainly well earned.

1. Terrence plays quarterback as well as Brian.

2. The game hadn't hardly begun before it started to rain.

3. This was sure a mild winter.

4. Jane behaves more pleasant than Joan.

5. When you are a parent, you will think different about children.

6. I felt badly about not having done good on my final exams.

7. Whether you win is not near as important as how you play.

8. Asian music often sounds oddly to Western listeners.

9. I felt safely enough to go out at night on my own.

1. The program lets you work through a text __________.

2. Tania seems very __________ at the moment - I think she's worried about her brother.

3. The country's greatest resource is the __________ of its workers.

4. The government has set new __________ on public spending.

5. Disappointment is bound to __________ employees and affect performance.

6. He regarded music as one of life's __________.

7. He seems __________ of walking past a music shop without going in and buying another CD.

8. I can't understand the __________ of people who hurt animals.

later, the next day, at the break of dawn, now, yesterday, tomorrow, in a few minutes

how?

when?

there, in the corner, in front of me, nowhere, on the table, over my bed, down the cliff, uphill

I know my brother has fought tooth and nail to be re-elected, so his victory tonight is certainly well earned.

where?

rarely, never, frequently, sometimes, very often, five days a week, monthly, generally

how often?

definitely, obviously, without a doubt, maybe, perhaps, of course, likely, possibly, probably, indeed

how likely?

unfortunately, surprisingly, clearly, happily, simply, presumably, personally, seriously, stupidly,

Natasha is much better than the other dancers in her age group.

comment?

a bit, extremely, quite, absolutely, amazingly, particularly, fairly, wonderfully, unusually, terribly

degree?

Natasha is head and shoulders above the other dancers in her age group.

think - people - that hard - Russian is - but it's- not - difficult to learn - actually

and watch films - English will improve - your - you listen - if - to music - rapidly

opened - the seventies - language schools - in England in - lots of

People think Russian is difficult to learn but it's actually not that hard.

Your English will improve rapidly if you listen to music and watch films.

Lots of language schools opened in England in the seventies.

time: already, lately, still, tomorrow, early, now, soon, yesterday, finally

so - in Paris - you lived - you - presumably - fluently - speak - French

hardest - the - adult learners, - for - skill - listening - is - usually

You lived in Paris so presumably you speak French fluently.

For adult learners, listening is usually the hardest skill.

place: nearby, here, there, upstairs, somewhere, outside

manner: fast, beautifully, abruptly, cautiously, carefully, quietly, quickly

become - inevitably - as -English - important - as maths - will

write - I - vocabulary - almost - new - never - down

my pronunciation - poor - admittedly - German - well - I speak - is - but

I almost never write down new vocabulary.

English will inevitably become as important as maths.

I speak German well but admittedly my pronunciation is poor.

degree: absolutely, pretty, enough, utterly, highly, entirely, completely, a bit

comment: clearly, obviously, personally, presumably, luckily, unfortunately, unbelievably

How quickly is the English language changing?

MacGyver

meme

go viral

chillax

hater

binge-watch

meh

troll

influencer

There's been a rapid rise in the number of Tambo mini markets all over the city. I'm afraid that one day I will wake up, and my house will have been turned into a Tambo.

• How long have you been studying English?
• When will you have finished your studies?
• Had you had any formal studies before starting your classes at IC?

Past Perfect

brother, destroy, built

Future Perfect

end/month/ten years

Past Perfect

went out/already

My brother destroyed the sandcastle that I had built.

By the end of this month, we will have been married for ten years.

When she went out to play, she had already finished homework.

Present Perfect Continuous

Ana/one hour

Present Perfect

tenth time

Ana has been working in the garden for one hour.

This is the tenth time that I have watched White Chicks.

Present Perfect

so embarrassed/life

Past Perfect Cont.

Future Perfect Continuous

ninety minutes, finally

24 hours/finish project

I have never been so embarrassed in my life.

She had been waiting in the station for ninety minutes when the train finally arrived.

We will have been working for 24 hours by the time we finish this project.

Unit 1 Language