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The humanistic perspective focuses on the positive image of what it means to be human. Human nature is viewed as basically good and humanistic theorists such as Abraham Maslow, studied healthy people to develop his ideas of self-actualization. Or the process of fulfilling our potential.

One of the first biological discoveries that is still studied today, dates all the way back to 1859. Charles Darwin idea that genetics and evolution play a role in influencing human behavior through natural selection. In this perspective you have to consider how genes affect behavior. Biological factors such as chromosomes, hormones and the brain all have a significant influence on human behavior. An obvious example is gender.

In this aspect of psychology, traits such as language and perception are accepted as adaptions. For example, if you are raised in a household where Spanish is the dominant language then your obviously going to learn Spanish. Evolutionary psychologists say that these adaptions were evolved from our ancestors in order for us to improve our thinking and problem solving. An example of this would be, if you are stuck in the middle of nowhere with no water but there is a spring near by, your instincts should tell you to get water from the spring.

• Founded by Sigmund Freud

• A study of how the brain processes emotions, behavior, personality and thoughts especially in the unconscious state.

• The main premise is about learning what goes on inside of the brain which could help make sense about human relationships and experiences.

• Psychodynamic approaches are based upon studies of how humans react to a certain trigger. This could be a relationship, personalities, morals...etc. the key is to figure out where exactly in the brain the reaction took place and if it was conscious or subconscious.

• Behavioral psychology is based solely on the observation of behaviors.

- Focuses on learned behaviors.

• The main approaches that behaviorists use involve the conditioning, reinforcement and disciplining of the brain and noting the effects.

• The research and theories are used in therapy to analyze and cure mental illnesses.

Biological perspective

The Seven Psychological Perspectives.

Evolutionary Perspective

This biological approach believes that most behavior is inherited as an evolutionary function. For example, the weeks immediately after a child is born, levels in of testosterone in fathers drop by 30%. This means they are less likely to wander off in search of other women and they are less aggressive. That is an example of evolutionary function. So in friendly people terms, biological perspective focuses on the way your body reacts or behaves in situations. It’s a lot like if someone throws something at you, your reaction would probably be to move or dodge it.

Cognitive perspective

Problem solved right? Wrong. You instincts might be telling you to get water from this spring but that’s gross. It’s not clean nor do you know if there are any bacteria you could catch from drinking the water. That leads us to fears that are believed to have been inherited from these ancestral traits as well. Though mental traits have evolved from generation to generation there are some characteristics that have stayed the same. Of those traits are sexual and natural selection.

The cognitive perspective is the psychological approach that emphasized mental approach in perception, memory, problem solving and other areas of behavior. Another focus is how we interact with our environment. Different people choose different environments, they also shape you.

The Seven Psychological Perspectives.

Psychodynamic

Period: 1

Griffin Olson

Jailisa Linarez

Carolyn Eckman

Shelby Smith

Humanistic Perspective.

• Examples of assumptions:

- Our decisions as grown-ups are based upon childhood experiences

- Most of our emotions are a subconscious reaction

- The human’s personality is carved out through personal human experiences through their years of life, not just childhood.

Behavioral Psychology

Cognitive

Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of the mind and mental function, which includes learning, memory, language, and decision making. The modern study says that the brain can be understood as a complex computing system. Experiments include memory test in highly controlled environments.

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