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Colonies of Occupation
Settler Colonies
in which "indigenous people remained in the majority but were administered by a foreign power"
in which "the invading Europeans...annihilated, displaced and/or marginalized the indigenes to become a non-majority..."
from Patrick Wolfe's "Settler Colonialism and the Elimination of the Native."
For the settlers,
paired with the mindset that
Key Example:
India and the
British Raj
What is a SETTLER?
"Within colonial discourse, the settlers generally referred to are Europeans who moved from
their countries of origin to European colonies
with the intention of remaining."
"Increasingly the term 'SETTLER-INVADER'
has been used to emphasize the
less-than-benign repercussions of such 'settlement'..."
(210)
"Like all such designations, however, 'settler colonies' and 'colonies of occupation' provide the abstract poles of a continuum rather than precise descriptive categories or paradigms."
(Ashcroft 211)
South African
Apartheid
United States
Native Treaties
Ireland
British Raj
Australia
Colony of
Occupation
Settler
Colony
"The question of genocide is never far from discussions of settler colonialism."
(Wolfe 387)
Three Major Forms of Settler Colonial Genocide
The Ghosts of Football Past
(@7:50)
(@9:00)
http://www.radiolab.org/story/who-are-we-carlisle-carlisle-carlisle/
(especially for language)
But what about the settlers as people and not as hegemonic machinery?
Ashcroft:
"Settlers are displaced from their own point of origin and may have difficulties in establishing their identity in a new place."
(211)
"discrimination as colonial subjects themselves..."
This leads to
whose
"own identity depends...on retaining their sense of difference from the 'native' population."
(211)
Wolfe has some points:
"In Australia,...the erasure of indigeneity conflicts with the assertion of settler nationalism."
(389)
Setters are both colonizer AND colonized,
in that they are
to the country of origin:
"other"
"[S]ettler society required the practical elimination of the natives in order to establish itself on their territory...however, [it] subsequently sought to recuperate indigeneity...to express its difference - and...independence - from the mother country."
(389)
Works Cited.
Ashcroft, Bill, et al. Key Concepts in Post-
Colonial Studies. Routledge, 1998.
Wolfe, Paul. "Settler Colonialism and the
Elimination of the Native." Journal of Genocide
Research, vol. 8, no. 4, 2006, pp. 387-409, http://
www.kooriweb.org/foley/resources/pdfs/89.pdf.
Accessed 27 October 2017.
"...natives are typically represented as unsettled, nomadic, rootless, etc..."
(396)
Biological
- Relocation
- Removal
- Reservations
Physical
- Frontier Warfare
- Massacres
First of all,
Ashcroft:
He adds:
"...'we' could use the land better than they could"
(389)
Cultural
- Elimination of
Cultural
Practice
- Reeducation
"[Settler Colonialism] strives for the dissolution of native societies."
and
"...destroys to replace."
(388)