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Reconstruction
Lincoln believed:
1. Treat the South gently
(most didn't want to leave
the Union, they were overwhelmed by slave owners)
2. Secession was unconstitutional (therefore, the South never really left the Union)
1. Lincoln Plan
- Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction - offered a full pardon to all but a few Southerners involved with the war
- Confederate states could return to the Union once 10% of its voters take an oath and had a new organized government.
2. Johnson Plan
- Forgive the South and bring it back to the Union as quickly as possible.
- Include Lincoln's 10% rule
- Elected Confederate officials cannot run for office
- Confederate states must repeal all secession law and agree to the 13th Amendment
Congress doesn't like this!
Johnson's plan to give Southern soldiers
Amnesty, but not formally give slaves their
freedom leads to a War with Congress
Johnson vetoes 29 Bills from Congress
Congress overrides 15 of those vetoes
Congress passes the Tenure of Office Act, knowing Johnson will violate it.
Congress passes the 13th, 14th, and 15th
Amendments to help protect African American's
rights and new freedoms.
Radicals in the Democrat Party restrict former slaves with Jim Crow laws.
What's going to happen to Confederate soldiers?
Will we become an economy based on factories?
What will happen to us Southerners?
Questions about Reconstruction
How long will reconstruction be?
What is going to happen to the slaves?
Why was Lincoln killed?
Will the South be punished?
Why should Johnson be in charge?
What's the South's role in Reconstruction?
Who is in charge of Reconstruction?
Johnson's Plan
Johnson decides to go with his plan because Congress is at a recess and he can get things done easier if Congress isn't harping over every decision.
Plans for Reconstruction
Radical Republican Plan
- Punish the South
- Treat the South like an occupied, hostile territory
- Have all Confederate officers tried for treason
- Immediately repeal slavery, pay reparations
i
War with Congress
Copperhead 1864 pamphlet, USA, mocking President Abraham Lincoln
Civil War Amendments