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When you hear the word "unethical," what do you first think of?

This leads us to understand that pre-existing laws or regulations in place today do not fulfill their goal in stopping unethical behavior.

However, in this presentation we will also discuss unethical human experimentation, a common result of unethical medical practices. An example inludes a case in 1961, during which Dr. Kunlin, a popular medical practitioner, used a portion of a person’s vein to replace obstructed segments, unethically experimenting on humans and practicing medicine (Roelcke).

Without recognition, more unethical medical practices will occur, and this will lead to more patients put in harms way.

Complications or Lack of Informed Consent

Effects of medical experimentation on a Polish internment camp prisoner in 1942.

  • “In fact, he was not looking for decay but for gold teeth...those who had gold in their mouths were listed by their number...I did have a gold crown” (Wiesel 49).
  • In addition, researchers must consider that the methodology of the experiment/medical practice may come into conflict with the behavior set by a participants religion (Escobedo).

Thesis

Solution

Complications or Lack of Informed Consent

  • One of these complications include deciding if subjects remain "competent" enough to decide whether or not to participate in the study, a particularly salient point in clinical studies and studies of children (Summers).
  • "I shall remove your gold crown, that's all," he said, clearly in- different...I thought of pretending to be sick” (Wiesel 52).

Our opponents may believe in the continuation of all types of medical practices with informed consent, however, the many complications that could occur with informed consent may result in unethical medical practices.

The solution to the occurence of unethical medical practices consists of a new policy or international legislation that clearly defines ethical and unethical practices, and relates it to modern science and medicine.

As stated before, we can only begin this change with you, our patients, and the upcoming generation. Start a petition, we need to stop this problem.

500 random patients or relatives who filed complaints were surveyed in South Wales about healthcare in 1996-1997 (Daniel, Burn, Horarik).

  • 22% of complaints were related to rudeness or poor communication (Daniel, Burn, Horarik).
  • 70% of unethical practice complaints were from women (Daniel, Burn, Horarik).
  • 44% of complaints of unethical practice were on behalf of another person (Daniel, Burn, Horarik).
  • 40% believed that the doctor had been disciplined their unethical pratice (Daniel, Burn, Horarik).

What is Informed Consent?

  • Informed consent describes the obligation of medical practitioners and scientists to present risks and information prior to a medical procedure or experimentation on patients (Summers).

  • There must be full disclosure, and full disclosure entails that participant must be thoroughly informed as to the purpose of the research, the procedures used, the benefits, and the risks of participating in the research (Bekier).

Unethical medical practices infringe upon the rights of patients.

Unethical medical practices should not continue because their detriments exceed their benefits.

Bibliography

Unethical medical practices infringe upon the rights of patients.

Occurence of Catastrophes

A prisoner of war wears a life jacket while immersed in near-freezing water as a part of the Nazi hypothermia studies. Photo courtesy of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

Occurence of Catastrophes

  • In Dachau during World War II, a Nazi known as Dr. Rascher conducted inhumane hypothermia studies on prisoners of war (Veracity).
  • In Night, doctors ignored bed-bound and severely ill prisoners, even when other prisons stole from and beat these prisoners (Wiesel 109).

In the past, unethical medical practices have led to the deaths of thousands of people, including children.This requires regulation to prevent events like those from ever happening again.

  • During the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, the U.S. government deliberately infected a significant amount of African American males with syphilis without their knowledge and consent; if proper legislation had existed, this travesty might not have occured (Veracity).
  • Eliezer’s father contracted dysentery; instead of giving him necessary hydration and treatment, the doctors at the camp left untreated and ready to die (Wiesel 108).

ABC News. "Study Shows Unethical Behavior by Doctors." ABC News. ABC News Network, 22 Mar. 2015. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.

Bekier, Manny. "The Ethical Considerations of Medical Experimentation on Human Subjects."

The Ethical Considerations of Medical Experimentation on Human Subjects. Medical Ethics, 10 Nov. 2010. Web. 09 Feb. 2015.

The Holocaust Encyclopedia. War Crimes Investigational Photo. Digital image. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. USHMM, 2012. Web. 16 Apr. 2015.

Jewish Virtual Library. Victims of Medical Experiments. Digital image. Nazi Medical Experiments. Jewish Virtual Library, 2015. Web. 16 Apr. 2015.

Johnathan Cohen. "Human Rights in Patient Care: A Theoretical and Practical Framework." Health and Human Rights. Health and Human Rights Journal, 10 Dec. 2013. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.

"Medical Students Set Bad Example by Doctors, Says Research." BBC News. BBC News, July 2013. Web. 16 Apr. 2015.

Merriam-Webster. "Definitions." Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, 2015. Web. 16 Apr. 2015. Unethical, Human, Experimentation

Veracity, Dani. "Human Medical Experimentation in the United States: The Shocking True History of Modern Medicine and Psychiatry (1833-1965)." NaturalNews. 6 Mar. 2006. Web. 03 Feb. 2015.

Wiesel, Elie, and Marion Wiesel. Night. New York, NY: Hill and Wang, a Division of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006. Print.

Women4Truth. "Government Unethical Experiments On Unwitting Citizens!" YouTube. YouTube, Sept. 2012. Web. 16 Apr. 2015.

Yamey, Gavin, and Jason Roach. "Witnessing Unethical Conduct: The Effects." Western Journal of Medicine. Copyright 2001 BMJ Publishing Group, May 2001. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.

  • “The Campaign to Stop Torture in Health Care, launched in 2011 by a coalition of organizations working in the fields of health and human rights, highlighted some of the most egregious of these abuses such as forced sterilization of Roma women and women living with HIV, forced detention and punishment of people who use drugs, and unjustified denial of pain relief” (Cohen).

  • “The kommandant announced that we had already covered 20 kilometers since we left...long since, we had exceeded the limits of fatigue” (Weisel 87).

Without strict legislation preventing unethical medical practices, catastrophes can and have occurred.

  • "In a study showing unethical behavior by doctors, one woman, suffering from cancer was not told about her condition because the physicians didn't recognize the type of cancer" (ABC News).

  • In the book Night, the doctor in Buchenwald did not help Eliezer's father, and instead came to "finish off the patients...I listened to him shouting at them that they were lazy good-for- nothings" (Weisel 109).

Unethical medical practices have more detriments than benefits, and therefore should not continue.

Unethical medical treatment occurs daily, to millions of patients across the world, with little to no resistance, and this needs to be viewed as an actual reality and put to a stop.

What We Need

With the presence of unethical medical practices in today’s society, we hope to start a petition to solve this problem. As people, students, and patients in America’s healthcare system, we want to petition for a law to clearly define ethical medical practices in order to ensure the protection of our rights and personal liberties.

Why It Matters

Most people receive medical care and unethical medical practices has the capability of affecting any one of us.

Children subjected to medical experimentation in the Auschwitz internment camp.

Unethical medical practice has more detriments than benefits.

Detriments Overrule Benefits

  • “I found another answer: my crown had been listed in the register during the medical checkup; this could mean trouble for us both” (Wiesel 55).
  • Many experiments are done on old people or low income and injured (Pollock).

  • One child contracted a disease, her father originally had, which in turn affected the rest of the immediate family of the man, and prevented him from having anymore children.

  • “The sick can remain in the infirmary...they will not be evacuated” (Wiesel 81).

Unethical

Medical Practices

(Broken Down Definition)

Unethical: adj. not conforming to a high moral standard; morally unacceptable <unethical treatment of prisoners of war that was a clear violation of law>

Medical: adj. of or relating to the treatment of diseases; of or relating to medicine

Practices: verb. to be professionally engaged in

In surveys taken in the last ten years an average of 90% of medical students witness unethical medical behavior and/or practice.

To officially begin our presentation we would like to ask you a brief question.

Unethical Medical Practices

By: Natasha Kodgi, McNeil Allo,

Evan Burgess, and Hridoy Rozario

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