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Discoveries

1931- published "A Correlation of Cytological and Genetical Crossing-over in Zea mays". This paper established that chromosomes formed the basis of genetics. This year she also published the genetic map for maize. (corn)

1950's- wrote in a journal that genetic information could be transposed from one chromosome to another

  • By tracing pigmentation changes in corn using a microscope to examine the plant's large chromosomes, she isolated two genes and called them "controlling elements"
  • these genes controlled the genes that were actually responsible for pigmentation
  • found that the controlling elements could move along the chromosome to a different site, which affected the neighboring chromosomes.

Education

Sources

  • http://www.thebrightesthub.com/barbara-mcclintock-famous-scientist-in-genetic-research/
  • http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/353963/Barbara-McClintock
  • http://www.famousscientists.org/barbara-mcclintock/

At the time of her discoveries, scientists ignored her work. Because McClintock was so discouraged by the lack of recognition from her male colleagues, she stopped publishing, but continued research. Her recognition didn't even come until the 70's and 80's.

  • Secondary Education from Erasmus High School in Brooklyn
  • B.S. from Cornell University in 1923
  • M.A. from Cornell University in 1925
  • Ph.D. from Cornell in Cytology, Zoology and genetics in 1927

Early Life

Awards/ Achievements

  • 1939- elected Vice President of the Genetics Society of America
  • 1944- elected President of the Genetics Society of America
  • 1947- Achievement Award from the Association of University Women
  • 1957- Merit Award from the Botanical Society of America
  • 1970- National Medal of Science
  • 1981- Thomas Hunt Morgan Medal, Genetics Society of America
  • 1983- Nobel Peace Prize for Physiology or Medicine (first woman)
  • Born June 16, 1902 in Hartford, Connecticut
  • Lived with her aunt and uncle in Brooklyn, New York starting at the age of 3 to ease the financial burdens of her parents
  • when she finished high school, she wanted to attend Cornell University, but her mother thought it would make her "un-marriable". Her father finally made it possible for her to go in 1919.

Positions Held

  • graduate assistant in the Department of Botany 1924-27, then was employed as an instructor in 1931.
  • Awarded a National Research Council Fellowship in 1931 and spent two years as a Fellow at the California Institute of Technology.
  • Received the Guggenheimn scholarship in 1933 to study in Freiburg. She only stayed 1 year due to the rise of Naziism.
  • 1934-1936 she was in the Department of Plant Bredding at Cornell. She left because they wouldn't hire a female professor.
  • In 1936 she became the Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany at the University of Missouri
  • Became a part of the Carnegie Institute in Washington where she had a good and successful carreer until her death on September 2, 1992

Barbara McClintock

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