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Psychology Family Tree
5
Positive
Biological/Neoscience
Socio-Cultural
-influenced by research of Maslow
-studies how ordinary people become happier
-believe people can find the best person they can be within themselves
Psychodynamics
-focuses on genetics and heredity similar to the evolutionary perspective
-the physical makeup and operation of the brains influences behavior
Humanism
-like behaviorism, the focus is on the role of the environment
-social interactions and cultural perspectives influence behavior
Evolutionary
-built off of Freud's ideas with psychoanalysis
-human functions are based upon the interaction of drives and forces with the person and between different structures of the personality
Psychoanalysis
-influenced by the theories of Darwin and natural selection, just like functionalism
-behavior is adaptive and inherited
-lead by Rogers and Maslow
-reaction to the limits found in behaviorism and psychoanalysis
-actions are influenced by self growth
Functionalism
-founded by Freud
-builds onto structuralism and functionalism's idea of consciousness with the idea of unconsciousness
-we are shaped by our unconscious motives and our subconscious is discoverable
Behaviorism
-lead by Waston and Skinner
-disagreed with structuralism and functionalism
-focused on the role of environment and how reinforcement or punishment affects behavior
-believed psychology should be completely objective
Gestalt
-heavily influenced by William James and the theories of Darwin
-focused on the purpose of consciousness
Wilhelm Wundt
Cognitive
-lead by Wertheimer, Kohler, and Kofka
-reaction to structuralism, to prove it wrong
-the whole is greater than the sum of parts
-major influence on sensation and perception
-father of psychology
-psychology is distinct
Structuralism
-lead by Jean Piaget
-influenced by Gestalt
-study of the mind
-our brains are like computers that process, store, encode, and retrieve information
-established by Titchener, who was mentored by Wundt
-used introspection to uncover components of thought
-focused on elements of consciousness separately