Organelles in the Endomembrane system

The function of this system

Lysosomes

• The system is covered by a nuclear membrane.
• The membrane is made up of two lipid bilayers; a membrane made up of lipids
• The main function of the endomembrane system is exchange of material through a phenomenon called, Vesicle transport.

• The lysosomes are membrane bound vesicular structures formed by the process of packaging in the golgi complex.
• Also called the suicide bags of the cell.
• These are very rich in many kinds of hydrolytic enzymes.
• These enzymes are capable of digesting carbohydrates, protiens and lipids, which means, the cell.

Image of the System

Rough ER

Nucleus

Nuclear Envelope

Smooth ER

Vesicles

Lysosome

Golgi complex

What is the Endomembrane system?

The Endomembrane system

(The ER and Lysosomes)

• A set of organelles with co-ordinated functions.
• Consist of the endoplasmic reticulum, golgi complex, lysosomes and the vacuoles.
• These organelles do not have their functions co-ordinated with with other cell organelles such as mitochondria etc.
• Hence, are not considered in the other cell membrane systems.

More on these organelles

The endoplasmic Reticulum

• The ER is present in both plant and animal cells. IN plants, the ER is a sight of biosynthesis and also for storage of protiens.
• IN plant cells, the ER also helps in CELL to CELL communication.
• In animal cells, it is a sight of manufacturing and transporting lipids and protiens.
• Not only this, it is also a "intracellular Calcium regualtor".
• Lysosomes have the same function of digesting the cells in both, plant and animal cells.
• They are programmed to kill and dismantle the cell in case of interference from the extra cellular environment. The process is called Cell Degradation and is occured in the pH condition of 5.0.

• IT is nothing but more of a network of tubular structures that are found to be scattered in the cytoplasm.
• Provides a major skeletal framework.
• Provide increased surface area during cellular reactions.
• Also fondly called as ER :)
• The ER divides the intracellular space (space inside the cell) into two compartments which are : Luminal(inside the ER) and Extra Luminal(Cytoplasm).
• The ER is of two types: Smooth and Rough.

Functioning of the ER

Functioning of Lysosomes

Smooth ER

The Rough ER

• The endoplasmic reticulum without the ribosomes are called the Smooth ER (SER).
• These ER are also responsible for synthesis but not of protiens, but, lipids.
• This is a major synthesiser of lipids in the body.
• In animal cells, the steroidal hormones (Stimulants) are synthesised in the SER.

• The ER is often seen with ribosomes attached to its surface.
• This kind of ER with ribosomes attached to it is called the Rough ER(RER).
• This ER is seen when regions where there is an extensive synthesis of protiens.
• It is also responsible for the secretion of these protiens.
• Are found very close to the Nuclear membrane.

SER