OPIATES

Opioids/Opiates

By Clio Herbert

Opioids/Opiates

-Are derived from opium, which comes from poppies

-Used to suppress pain

-Depresses the central nervous system

Addiction

How It Works

Opium Plant (Papaver somniferum)

-Use of opioids for pain, stress, emotional pain

-Either found on the street, or perscribed

-Dependance vs. addiction

-stronger the dosage the strong the withdrawls

Signs of addiction

-pin sized pupils

-withdrawl symptons similar to cold

-neglect/withdrawl from family, social, responsibilities

-Papaveraceae family

-Native to eastern Mediterranean

-Named opion by ancient Greeks

-Contains analgesic alkaloids of morphine, codeine, and thebaine

Binds to proteins called opioid receptors

-brain, spinal cord, gastrointestinal tract

Can cause respiratory depression

-lack of oxygen to the brain

Natural Opiates

Treatment

Extraction

Codein

-Widly used (in the world)

-Used to treat moderate pain such as diarrhea, cough

-Brands Names: Tylenol No. 1, 2, 3, and 4; Paracod, Paramol, Panadeine, Nurofen Plus

-Street Names: T-three's, cough syrup, sizzurp/purple/lean/drank

Morphine

-Named after Morpheus, Greek God of dreams

-Moderate to sever pain

-Converted into codein

-Brand Names: MS Contin, Oramorph, Avinza, Kadian, Roxanol, Morphine Sulphate, M.O.S.-Sulfate, Duramorph, Infumorph

-Street Names: Morph, M, Miss Emma, misties, greys , red rockets

-"score" the seed pods

-latex seeps out forming residue

-Morphine converted into herion

-easier to smuggle

-multiplies potency

Medical Detoxification

-Inpatient detoxification

-supervided medical instatute

Outpatient Medical Detoxification

-medical help, not in institute

Rapid Detoxification

-anesthesia-assisted rapid opioid detoxification (AAROD)

Tapering

Semi-Synthetic Opioids

Quizz

Hydromorphone

-derived from morphine, six to eight times stronger

-used for moderate to severe pain

-time-release

-when injected similar to herion, but short high after

-Brand Names: Dilaudid, Palladone, Hydromorph Contin, Hydrostat, Exalgo, Dilaudid-HP

-Street Names: Dillies, hydro, hydromorph, D's

Oxymorphone

-ten times more potent then morphine

-used for severe pain, and anesthesia

-2012 new time-release making it harder to break

-Brand Names: Opana, Numorphan

-Street Names: blues, biscuits, octagons, stop signs

Buprenorphine

-used for chronic pain, moderate acute pain, and opioid addiction (2002 FDA approved)

-block/reverse recepters in brain of other opiods

-Similarities to Naloxone, used to counter effects of an overdose

-Brand Names: Suboxone, Subutex, Temgesic, Buprenex, Norspan, Butrans

Street Names: subs, bupe, stops, stop signs

Hydrocodone

-used for mild to moderate pain, coughs (bronchitis)

-used recreationally

-stronger then codein

-Brand Names: Vicodin, Lortab, Norco, Vicoprofen, Hycodan, Lorcet, Anexsia, Ceta Plus, Co-Gesic, Dolorex, Hycet, Maxidone,

Novahistex, Stagesic, Zydone

-Street Names: Vikes, hydros, Norco, 357's

Oxycodone

-used for moderate to severe pain

-time-release forms (OxyContin)

-Brand Names: Oxycontin, Percocet, Roxicodone, Endocet, Oxyfast, Oxynorm, Percodan, Roxicet

-Street Names: Oxy, O.C.'s, Roxies, Percs, 80s/greens, 40s/yellows, 20s/pinks, Hillbilly Heroin

Heroin

1)What are opioids derived from?

2)Name one method of detoxification

3) Which one is used to counter act withdrawl symptoms: Buprenorphine or Fentanyl

4) Name one Natural Opiate

5) What does time-release mean?

Synthetic Opioids

Methadone

-used for opioid addiction

-treats withdrawal syndromes

-block euphoric effects of other opioids

-used properly doesnt produce a high, but controles opioid withdrawal

-Brand Names: Methadose, Dolophine, Symoron, Physeptone, Metadol

-Street Names: done, dollies, meth, juice, drink, junk

Meperidine

-used for moderate to severe pain, sometimes rigors and shivers

-not chronic, build up central nervous system may cause generalized seizures

-Brand Names: Demerol

-Street Names: Demmies

Fentanyl

-used for pain and anesthesia

-one hundred times more potent then morphine

-given in micrograms

-Duragesic (1990's)-patch with gel

-Brand Names: Actiq, Duragesic, Fentora, Lazanda, Onsolis

-Street Names: Fent, percopop, China white

Answers

Sources

1) Poppies

2)Medical Detoxification, Inpatient detoxification, Outpatient Medical Detoxification, Rapid Detoxification, Tapering

3) Buprenorphine

4) Codein or Morphine

5) Time-release mechanism allows the drug to be relased over a period of time.

http://www.addictionsandrecovery.org/opiates-narcotics-recovery.htm

http://www.drugs.com/illicit/opium.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opium

http://www.britannica.com/science/opium