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BY: Felicia, Mike and Devin
SYMPTOMS
- protruding tongue
- dry skin
- poorly formed and discoloured teeth
- drooling
- constipation
- potbelly
- deaf-mutism
- mental retardation
- short stature
Many children do not show any symptoms, unless the case is extremely severe. They will show more as the disease gets worse.
EFFECTS OF THE DISEASE
LONG TERM AND SHORT TERM
- mental retardation
- physical retardation
- dwarfism
- large growths on body
- swelling around neck and eyes
- trauma
- underactive pituitary gland
Cretinism
TIME PERIOD
Cretinism
- A disease caused by a lack of the thyroid hormone.
- In third world countries, it is usually caused by a lack of iodine.
- In developed countries it could potentially be caused from a defect in the thyroid gland that may be inherited from the mother.
- Girls are more commonly affected.
- Approximately 1 out of 4000 children will have cretinism.
Common in areas of southern Europe and the Alps.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, the number of severely affected people was minimal. Most only had goiters and few signs of reduced growth.
In the 19th century, there were less cases of iodine deficiency, making it seem like a genetic disease. As less local food was eaten and produced, the less people with goiters there were.
In the 20th and 21st centuries, the number of people with this disease have been decreased immensly.
Countries and Populations
- Cretinism is a leading health issue in many countries.
- In China, over 7 million people are affected by this disease, many are being born with it.
- North Americans, Europeans, Chinese, Himalayan Indians, Turkoman and Central and South Americans are amongst the many people suffering.
- People living in mountainous regions (Alps, Himalayas, Andes and Pyrenees) as well as locations close to the sea or ocean (Finland, the Netherlands, and near the Great Lakes of Canada and the United States)
Risk Factors
- low iodine intake
- pregnancy
- radiation
- sex
- smoking tobacco
- alcohol
- thiocyanates
- perchlorates
- age
Prevention of Cretinism
organic yogurt
dairy products
potatoes
- The recommended amount of iodine in a diet for the average adult is 150 mcg/d (micrograms).
- The average for women is between 150-300 mcg/d.
- Women should be extra careful to take the recommended amount of iodine to reduce risk of illness for future children, and their own health as well.
Some foods that can be eaten that are high in iodine to prevent cretinism include:
Get tested to make sure you are not iodine deficient while pregnant, because cretinism can be a genetic problem.
To make sure iodine is part of a balanced diet, eat more egg yolks and drink more milk.
Iodized salt is good to take as a supplement instead of regular salt.
kelp
sea vegetables
cranberries
DAILY INTAKE
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