Time and Space by Kayla Stokes

China

Time and Space

1st wave of Chinese Piracy (1520-1574): The age of Merchant Pirates who resisted sea bans.

1500-1600

1900-2010's

Early Age of Piracy and Cosairing

Malta

Rise of Unconventional Piracy

Knights of St. John (1530-1798): A cosairing group that has the missions of defending Christians and taking care of the sick and/or poor.

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. Jean Parisot De La Vallet

Africa

Somalia

Oruc, one of the Barbarossa Brothers, takes over Algiers (1516). After his death, the other brother, Hizir, took power and made an agreement with the Ottoman Sultan.

Europe (Multiple Countries)

Age of Gentlemen Pirates (1500-1600's): Short and long distance piracy, mostly English and French. They were based in Europe.

Mediterranean

United States of America

Somalia's second democratically elected president was assassinated (1969).

Siade Barre, who organized the assassination, fled Somalia (1991).

The first phase of Somali Piracy took place through the mid 1990's-2002 was led by Garaad and Boyan.

The second phase (2003-2007) was started by Afueyne who utilized clan members and investors.

The third phase (2008-2012) was the golden age of piracy.

In April 2009, Captain Phillips' ship Maersk Alabama was taken over a crew of Somali pirates captained by Muse.

Phase four of Somali Piracy took place between 2013-2015 and it marked the decline of piracy in Somalia.

Other Concurring Phases

In Africa, it was also the Age of Renegade Pirates.

Age of Cosairs (1500-1600's): Men were given letters of Marquee in order to be privateers and state sanctioned. The cosairs were only supposed to be active during wartime, but started to do so during times of peace.

Great Britain

The last great train robbery took place in 1937.

Articles of Capitulation (mid 1500's-early 1600's): A type of trade agreement between the Ottoman Sultan and different European States.

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. Sir Francis Drake

During the 1920's, it was discovered that people can use sound waves to talk or send messages.

Radio Luxembourg became the first radio pirates (1933).

Radio Caroline, founded by Rownan O'Rahilly, became the first radio pirates to be on a ship. (1964).

To combat radio piracy, Britain passed the Marine Broadcasting Offenses Act (1967).

Britain passed the 1984 Anatomy Act which made it illegal to dissect a person's body unless they agreed in writing.

Britain amended the law to apply to international waters (1990).

Radio Caroline stopped broadcasting in 1991.

The Naked Rambler, Stephen Gough, began his journey in 2003.

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. Yasuf Rais

1850-1900

Train Robberies and Prostitution

1800-1850

1700-1800

1600-1700

Crackdown on Piracy and the Beginning of other Illegal Activities

United States of America

The Rise and Fall of Smuggling and Body Snatching

The first U.S. train robbery took place in 1866.

The lynchings of the Reno Gang members began July 20th until December. (1868)

2nd and 3rd Phases of Piracy

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. The Seymour Vigilance Committee

2. Allan Pinkerton and the Pinkerton National Detective Agency

Great Britain

2+ Countries

1854 Wreck Rights

The first train burglary called The Great Gold Robbery took place in 1855.

During the 1960's, the Contagious Disease Acts were passed, but repealed in 1886.

W.T. Stead wrote The Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon (1885).

Stead's articles led to the 1885 Criminal Law Amendment Act which raised the age of consent to 17.

Golden Age of Western Piracy (1650/80-1730's): Pirates started leaving the Caribbean. These cosmopolitan crews were global and democratic.

During this age, there was a strong crackdown, especially from the British.

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. William Acton

2. Edward Agar

3. George Tester

4. Williams Pierce

5. James Burgess

6. Fanny Kay

United States of America

China

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. Philip Roche

1728 trade ban on opium.

3rd wave of Chinese Piracy (1780-1810): The Golden Age of Chinese Piracy with highly organized features.

The Doctor's Riots began in April 13th through the 15th (1788).

On January 16th, New York Passed "an act to prevent the odious practice of digging up and removing for the purpose of dissection, dead bodies interred in cemeteries or burial places" (1789)

China

Great Britain

China

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. Zheng Yi and his banner fleets.

William Burke, Helen McDougal, William Hare, and Margaret Laird were arrested due to their connection with the death of Madge Docherty in Endinburgh (1828).

William Burke was found guilty and hung (1829).

First Anatomy Act was passed on August 1st. (1832)

Decline in smuggling in the British Isles (after the 1830's) due to lowered taxes and simpler and clearer laws.

The 1824 Vagrancy Acts was passed and it made it a crime to sleep in the streets or beg in the streets. It also prohibited prostitutes from wandering in public while behaving in an indecent way or unruly fashion.

2nd wave of Chinese Piracy (1620-1684): The age of Sea Rebel Piracy who resisted new and more brutal sea bands.

End of the Guangdong Federation (1810).

Lin Zexu is appointed as imperial commissioner of Canton in order to deal with the opium problem. (1839)

Opium Pardon (1839)

First Opium War (1839-1842): The Chinese surrender and sign the Treaty of Nanking; Opium becomes legal.

Great Britain

Malta

Caribbean

Age of Buccaneers (1630-1650/80): Motley crews based in the Caribbean who targeted Spanish Ships and cities; however, later on they attacked anyone.

The knights of St. John governed until 1798. During their reign, they had many problems with knights and other licensed citizens who attacked Christian ships as mercenaries. Some of these unlawful attacks went unpunished if they were done because of good and charitable reasons.

Africa

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. Henry Warbutton

2. Dr. Knox

1700 Piracy Law that made it legal for pirates to be tried anywhere in the British Empire. Piracy crimes were also put under admiral/military law.

1717 Pardon by the King of England where he pardoned any pirate until September 1718.

The height of Wrecking (1700-1860)

12 Anne (1714) was a law that distinguished the 3 different types of wrecking (harvesting, salvaging, and plundering) and their individual punishments.

After 1725, British and American anatomists began to hire resurrection men instead of doing it themselves.

1752 Murder Act gave surgeons the bodies of criminals who were executed.

26 George II (1753) was a law that added more offenses to wrecking, but kept the same ones as 12 Anne.

There were at least 14,000 believed renegades living in North Africa (1650's).

There was a crackdown on Barbary Cosairs (1680's).

Other Famous Historical Figures of the Time

1. Henry Morgan

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