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The Baroque Period
Elements of Music
Famous Composers
HARMONY
RHYTHM
CLAUDIO MONTEVERDI
(1567 - 1643)
- Major/Minor System
-Use of Dissonance
- Free rhythm in recitative
-Driving and Steady
-Clear Metres
Texture
Melody
- Polyphony: Imitative
-Homophony also
-Conjunct & Disjunct
-Frequent Ornamentation
-Sequence
- transitioned renaissance into baroque
- wrote 'Lamento', famous aria from 'L'arianna' Opera
HENRY PURCELL
(1659-1695)
- Was said to be the most famous English Composer
- Composed 'Te Deum' and 'Jubilate Deo' for St. Cecilia's day at St. Pauls
Johann Sebastian Bach
(1685 - 1750)
Types Of Compositions
George Frideric Handel
(1685-1759)
TIMBRE
- Mass and Motet (Inst. acc.)
- Opera, Cantata, Oratio
- Sonata, Concerto, Fugue and suite
- Instrumental music now important
-Small choral/orch. groups
-Vocal and Instrumental Works
IMPORTANT FORMS
- Famous German Composer
- Wrote 'Prelude 1 in C Major', from 'The Well-Tempered Clavier' Book 1
- German-Born British Composer
- Composed Handel's 'Messiah', containing 'Hallelujah Chorus'
- Binary, Ternary
- Ritornello, Fugue
- Dev. of multi-movement works
BAROQUE
Instruments
FIN.
Baroque music usually consisted of small orchestrations.
The "Basso Continuo" was played on Harpsichord or Organ.
Very much String dependent, e.g. Chamber Orchestras.
1) Handel's 'Hallelujah Chorus' from 'Messiah'
2) Bach's Prelude 1 in C Major
Derived from the Portuguese barroco, or “oddly shaped pearl,” the term “baroque” describes the period in Western European art music from about 1600 to 1750
Political and Social Figures of the Time
Musical Events
- Development of Monodic Style
- First Public Opera House opened in Venice (1637) 'Teatro San Cassiano'
- Development of Bach's Mass in B minor and early pianoforte forms of Handel's Messiah
- William Shakespeare (1564-1616) , English Playwrite
- Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598 -1680), Famous Artist/Sculptist
- Louis XIV of France (1638-1715), King of France
- Isaac Newton (1643-1727), Famous Scientist