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lithuanian traditional instruments

Gouged from one piece of wood. The complex is glued up of separate parts: the end, the sides. the soundboards and the back. The string of the kanklės were made of catgu or iron or steel wire.

Birbynė

Birbynė is a Lithuanian aerophone that can be either single or double - reeded and may or may not have a mouthpiece. Birbynė can be made of a variety materials: wood, bark, horn, straw, goose feather, etc. The earliest and simplest examples were used by children as playtoys and by shepherds as a tool to control the herd.

In the 19th century, influenced by classical instruments and especially the clarinet, birbynė evolved into serious musical instruments used in a assembles.

Modern birbynė are made of wood with bells of horn and usually have ten tone holes. They are devided into three categories: soprano, tenors and contrabass.

Here, in Lithuania we have a lot of interesting instruments that were envented by our ancestry. With some of them we are playing and learning to play in these days and there are some that are beeing played or showed only for example in cultural events. So, here are they:

Skrabalai

Kanklės

Kanklės is one of the oldest Lithuanian folk stringed instruments. Information about kanklės can be found in Lithuanian folk songs, tales, legends often reaching the times when Lithuanians were pegans and believed that a man's soul can dwell in a tree or in a psaltery and speak or sob in a man's voice. In the hystorical sources the kanklės is mentiones for the first time in the 16th century. Taking into consideration the pesulliarities of making kanklės can be devided into three groups: primary, simple and complex.

From ancient times the skrabalai was used by sheperds. They used to tie a wooden bell of this kind on a cow's neck making it easier to find animals in a forest when they strayed away from the herd.

Old people say that some musician - drum beaters in Samogitia used to strike the skrabalai when playing for dances. If the skrabalai was with clappers musicians used to hold in the hand. If it's not - it was tied to a staff stuck in the ground and played with dry wood stick. Separate melodicrythmic tunes were performed on the skrabalai.

There is also some others instruments like Svilpa, skudutis, lamzdelis that are similar to molinukai but made from other material - wood.

Molinukai

Molinukai are Lithuanian ocarinas made in the shape of a tube or a toy figure.

The tube-shaped whistles are made of clay mixed with sand. The clay is kneaded and rolled, and rolled around a small stick. The stick is removed, one end of the tube is squeezed shut, while the other end is flattened and the blowing hole is made with a thin splinter. A whistle hole and two to four finger holes are made in the top. Toy shapes are made in the same way as tubes, but the hollow is carved in a finished shape. The molinukai are carved and then fired in an oven. The sound of a molinukas is soft, and the timbre is delicate. Musical possibilities are determined by the number of finger holes. Melodies are improvised. At times, sutartinės were played with these whistles. The molinukai were toys used by herders and children.

Dūdmaišis

The dūdmaišis is a Lithuanian bagpipe with a single chanter and drone. The Lithuanian bagpipe was traditionally played at a variety of events including May day festivities and spring caroling.

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