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NIBIN is a database managed by the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (BATF) that is composed of forensics ballistics image information. NIBN is the only database that permits nation-wide comparisons of ballistics evidence to determine if evidence from different crimes are associated with a single firearm. Matched evidence or hits produced by NIBIN may produce useful intelligence for investigators and thus improve investigations.

FBI (1998)

USA Patriot Act 2001

In 1998, the FBI Lab began using DNA testing in forensic cases. Prior to 1998, testing was used in detecting, characterizing and attributing bodily fluids stains on evidence.

The CODIS 2002

  • The CODIS stands for Combined DNA Index System.
  • The CODIS was provided by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. (FBI)
  • CODIS started as a pilot project, in 1990.
  • September 11, 2001, the USA Patriot Act of 2001 expanded the list of offenses for which offenders would be collected to include acts of terrorism and all violent crimes.

The purpose of the USA PATRIOT Act is to deter and punish terrorists acts in the U.S and around the world, enhance law enforcement investigatory tools, and other purposes.

• To strengthen U.S. measures to prevent, detect and prosecute international money laundering and financing of terrorism;

• To subject to special scrutiny foreign jurisdictions, foreign financial institutions, and classes of international transactions or types of accounts that are susceptible to criminal abuse;

• To require all appropriate elements of the financial services industry to report potential money laundering;

• To strengthen measures to prevent use of the U.S. financial system for personal gain by corrupt foreign officials and facilitate repatriation of stolen assets to the citizens of countries to whom such assets belong.

Forensic Timeline(1998-2007)

NIBIN (1999)

The AFIS 2007

  • AFIS stands for Automated Fingerprint Identification System
  • The average response time for an electronic criminal fingerprint submission is about 27 minutes.
  • Electronic civil submissions are processed within an hour and 12 minutes.
  • AFIS is, in essence, a highly sophisticated computer system that electronically encodes, searches and stores the images of fingerprints and palm prints. Like any computerized

By:

Laurence Wynder

&

Taylor Woolsey

The IAFIS 1999

Crime Labs & People

2007

The IAFIS was launched July 28, 1999. Before it was a process of a 10 print fingerprint submission was largely a manual, labor-intensive process. Usually taking weeks or months to process a single submission.

With the IAFIS a criminal print can be processed within 27 minutes.

The IAFIS houses finger prints and criminal histories for more than 70 million criminal subjects.

Also the data base of the IAFIS has mug shots, scars, height, weight, hair color, and aliases of criminals.

Bibliography

In 2007 there were 400 crime labs in the U.S. Today there are 300 state and local forensic labs, 48 lab systems, and 91 local lab systems. All together today in the U.S. there are 439 crime labs.

Also in 2007 there were nearly 40,000 people involved in forensic science in the U.S., In 2010, 13,000 people were employed as forensic scientists.

  • http://www.justice.gov/oig/reports/FBI/a0632/intro.htm
  • http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/nflis/
  • http://careerplanning.about.com/cs/occupations/p/forensic_tech.htm
  • http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/iafis/iafis
  • http://www.fincen.gov/statutes_regs/patriot/
  • http://www.dna.gov/solving-crimes/cold-cases/howdatabasesaid/codis/
  • http://www.mshp.dps.missouri.gov/MSHPWeb/PatrolDivisions/CRID/afisHistory.html

Forensic Timeline

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