How the Web Works

Website Structure

URL Components

A website is a group of interconnected web pages.

These connections are formed through hyperlinks.

Hyperlinks are a piece of text that when clicked on will take you to another web page.

Images can be made into hyperlinks, we call these hotspots.

All web pages in a website are stored on the same location.

A Uniform Resource Locator is the address for an individual webpage.

It is made up of three main parts:

• Protocol - the rules we use to download web pages. HTTP is used for for download web pages instead of FTP because:
• It is more secure.
• You can download multiple files in a single connection.
• Domain - the name of our website.
• File Path - the exact file location on the server for the web page we want.

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How the Web Works

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What is the Web?

Search Engines

The collection of information on computers connected to the internet.

This information is presented to us in the form of websites.

Let's us search the web for a specific piece of information without knowing the URL.

A search engine maintains a massive database of web pages known as the "index".

New web pages are discovered and added to the index by web crawlers (or web spiders).

Using a Search Engine

We can make better use of a search engine using search modifiers. Examples include:

• Exact Match - Adding quotation marks ("") around a term will search for it exactly.
• Query Exclusion - Using a minus symbol (-) before a term will exclude pages that contain that term.
• Query Combiner - Using the AND modifier returns results that contain both keywords.