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The Kuna

-The Comarca Kuna Yala lies in the San Blas Islands, where they live

-Speak the "tule" language

-Traditionally believe in Pab Dumat and Nan Dumat (Big Father and Big Mother) as the creators of the earth

-High incidence rate of albinism

The Kuna, although stepping back from regular Panamania tourism, they still went full force into eco-tourism

The Panamania Government saw potential finaciallly in the San Balas Islands for resorts and hotels. The kuna people did not see through the same lens ,although.

Local tourism not only promotes and preserves the Kuna culter, but it also brings them a mostly self sustaining economy.

The Ngobe-Bugle

The Kuna Tribe

Since the 1960's, the Kuna Yala have been open to tourism.

The Panamania government saw great potential in the generosity and land that the Kuna people had

-Make up about half of the indigenous population

Tourism in Indigenous Tribes

BOCAS DEL TORO, CHIRIQUI AND VERAGUAS

Juan Carlos wants to bring eco-tourism to the tribes economy so that they do not need to rely on the Panamanian government as much.

The Ngobe- Bugle Tribe

The indigenous people of Panama have great pride in their culture and traditions.

-Population of roughly 16,000 people

(10,000 Embera, 6,000 Waunan)

After the Ngobe-Bugle were granted a comarca, they still struggled with the government.

Among the 300,000 indigenous people living in Panama, there are 3 main tribes....

With the events of the hydroelectric dam, the protests, and the lack of understanding from the government, the Ngobe-Bugle needed the think critically on how to peserve their land and culture.

-Buglere is the traditional language

Defense of the Rio Tabasara

In January 2011, hundreds of Ngabe-Bugle people lined and blocked the main highway through Panama for 8 days as a protest against the government's plans to build a hydroelectric dam on their indigenous land.

Introducing tourism, although with the intentions of sustaining and spreading knowledge of their culture and its importance, is not easy for locals to accept.

By Feburary 6, 15 more highways were blocked.

The construction still went on however, despite the break ins to the site, the set backs, and protests of the people.

If the dam were to be finished, it would have flooded and displaced dozens of surrounding communities as well as destroyed plant and animals species, like the Tabasera rain frog)

Juan Carlos is able to push through resistance from the traditional chiefs in the tribe and continue his project of self sustaining, culture preserving, eco-tourism.

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-A semi-nomadic people, they live in small villages of 5- 20 houses along river banks

The Embera Tribe

Naguas are dresses made from a bright colorful fabric called darcon and are worn by many Ngobe women

In order for eco-tourism and local tourism to be possible in the Embera and other tribes, they needed to be granted a comarca so that they could manage things such as tourism themselves and not need to worry about what the government wants to put in their communities.

The Embera- Waunan

-Embera means "people"

THE DARIEN PROVINCE

A Day with Panama's Ngobe Bugle

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