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Emotions consist of...

Physiological changes

Subjective feeling of emotion

Associated behaviour

"It is not emotion that is important, but rather how people appraise the situation and cope with it."

-Lazarus and Folkman

Cognitive appraisal = interpretation

Biological Factors...

The amygdala

LeDoux (1999)

Explanation...

Emotional stimulus: Robbers

Processed in the thalamus, sends signal to the amygdala.

Perception of stressor stimulates fight or flight while...

The thalamus sends info via the indirect pathway to the cortex and hippocampus for closer inspection...

Resulting in an appraisal which is sent to the amygdala allowing the herioc elderly woman to...

Cognitive Factors...

Danger Fight or Flight Decision led by interpretation

Appraisal assesses benefit = positive emotions

Appraisal assesses harm = negative emotions

Lazarus (1975) - "Cognitive appraisal is an important part of people's reactions to emotional stress... stress experiences are not only physiological."

Lazarus and Folkman...

Individuals' experience of stress can be moderated by a number of personal and external factors

Different strategies used e.g. problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping

trauma

denial

intellectualization

more response from trauma, proving Lazarus' theory and LeDoux's model

Ecological validity?

Ethical issues?

The Flashbulb Theory...

"appear to be recorded in the brain with the help of a camera's flash"

formed after emotionally moving events

73/80 people report having flashbulb memories

Brown and Kulik (1977)

special neural mechanism- supported by modern neuroscience

hints at the critical role of the amygdala

Neisser (1982)

memories not remembered until later

Neisser and Harsch (1992)

Challenger Space Shuttle Accident

40% had distorted memories

Talarico and Rubin (2003)

Greater confidence but lesser accuracy.

Attitudes, emotions, information given after the event may distort memory:

Breckler (1994): Blood donation

Holmberg and Holmes (1994): Men recalled early interactions in unhappy marriages as less pleasant than previously

Biological and Cognitive

Factors in Emotion

by Rachel Williams, Queen of the Classroom Presentation

1988...

1984...

KICK BUTT.

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