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Transcript

Timeline of the Advancements of Telescopes

By Jess and Molly

1960-2000

1700-1800

1800-1900

1615-1630

2000-Present

1600-1615

1630-1700

1900-1960

English mathematician and inventor John Hadley created a much-improved telescope design.

English lawyer Chester Moore Hall makes a lens to make the images seen much more clear. He made the lens by cementing two types of glass (crown and flint) together.

European Orchestra Director and astronomer William Herschel builds a reflector telescope which is a gigantic 12-meters.

“Leviathan of Parsonstown” at Birr Castle in Ireland was built by William Parsons. It was the largest telescope ever built until the twentieth century. He was the first person to see spiral arms on a galaxy!

American astronomer Alvan Clark builds the world’s largest existing refracting telescope - the Yerkes Telescope in Wisconsin. This telescope holds the largest glass lens possible before a telescope will begin to buckle under its own weight, astronomers decided that large telescopes should have mirrors instead of lenses.

NASA and ESA’s released the Hubble Space Telescope, the first telescope to be launched into space. Because it is above the Earth’s atmosphere, it gives us a much clearer view of the stars and planets.

The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory is the first space telescope to look at objects that release high energy waves called gamma rays.

The W. M. Keck Observatory, a two-telescope astronomical observatory, is built near the summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii at 13,600 feet. At this height they experience less interference from the atmosphere They are the second largest optical telescopes in the world.

The Herschel Space Observatory is launched. Named after astronomer William Herschel, this space observatory is able to look into the cold regions of space with its infrared vision. The Herschel Space Observatory

The Gran Telescopio Canarias is built on the island La Palma in the Canary Islands of Spain on the top of a volcanic peak 7,438 feet above sea level. It is the largest telescope so far to be made.

Dutch astronomer Christian Huygens builds the most powerful telescope ever and uses it to view the planets in our Solar System. Spotting a moon orbiting Saturn and discovering the shape of the planet’s rings in 1659.

Sir Isaac Newton makes an improved version of the reflecting telescope.

Laurent Cassegrain, a catholic priest from France, develops a telescope which he named the Cassegrain telescope. This instrument uses hyperbolic and parabolic mirrors.

Italian priest and astronomer Niccolo Zucchi creates a concave spherical mirror to magnify objects and he used it to discover Jupiter’s belts.

German priest and astronomer Christoph Scheiner builds a telescope based on a design that astronomer Johannes Kepler made in 1611. Kepler’s design improves on Galileo’s by replacing the concave lens with a convex lens This helped the images which were seen to be clear and not distorted.

Hans Lippershey, a German-Dutch lens maker stated that he wanted to make an instrument “for seeing things far away as they were nearby.” He was the first person to consider the invention of the telescope.

Upon hearing of this idea Galileo Galilei, and Italian Physicist builds his own, improving Lippershey’s design. Using his telescope he discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter (Io, Ganymede, Callisto and Europa), sunspots on the surface of the Sun, the phases of Venus and physical features on the Moon.

American engineer Grote Reber creates the radio telescope an instrument that could basically see radio waves. These radio waves are invisible to the naked eye.

English physicist and astronomer Sir Bernard Lovell planned a 250ft radio telescope that could be pointed to anywhere in the sky. After many problems, it was finally built and ready to be used.

"Because it is above the Earth’s atmosphere, it gives us a much clearer view of the stars and planets."

Alvan Clark's Telescope

Sir Bernard Lovell and his Radio Telescope

William Herschel Telescope

Cristoph Sheiener telescope

John Hadley Telescope

Niccolo Zucchi's concave spherical mirror

Sir Isaac Newton's Telescope

The lens created by Chester Moore Hall

Levithan of Parsonstown

Grote Reber Radio Telescope

The W.M. Keck Observatory

Galileo Telescope

The World's First Telescope

Christian Huygens Telescope

Compton Gamma Ray Observatory

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