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Military Strategy in World War I
Transcript
- Reconnaissance
- Strafe
- Occasional bombings
- Protection from other fighter planes
- Destruction of other reconnaissance planes
Total War
- Affected military persons as well as civilians
- Economies geared towards the war and materials necessary for war
- Mass destruction and loss of human life
- No limit on war strategy or weaponry
Works Cited
- http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/aircraft_world_war_one.htm
- http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snpwwi1.htm
- Wall Street Journal-www.youtube.com/watch?v=GESndGykz54
(Slide 8)
- "The World Wars DVD." History Channel Store. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014.
- Rogers, Keely, and Jo Thomas. History: Causes, Practices and Effects Of: Causes, Practices and Effects of Wars for the IB Diploma. Oxford: Pearson Education, 2010. Print.
Great Britain
- Entered the war in August of 1914
- There were an estimated 950,000 British military casualties
- Tremendous involvement in the naval battle against Germany
Germany
British Land Strategy
British Air Strategy
British Naval Strategy
- Wave Attacks (September 1915 Battle of Loos
- Tank warfare
- Lewis Gun
- Strategic use of grenades
- Creeping Barrage
- Naval Race
- German Blockade
- Battle of Jutland
- Battle of Heliogoland Bight
- Naval Superiority
- German Aggression:
1. "U-Boats"/Sea power
2. Schlieffen Plan
3. "Ludendorff Offensive"
4. Zeppelins/Air power
5. Tunnel Warfare
6. Imperialism
- Military size
-What did the Germans look for
in regards to troops?
- Austria-Hungary
- Propaganda
Strategy in the Air
- Pressed to war, the Austro-Hungarian Empire was required to field its own air service in anger - helped by local and German designs
- Approx 85 pilots, and around 35 to 40 aircraft.
- There were more than 15 different types of aircraft for the Austro-Hungarian military during WWI
- Saw combat on both the Eastern Front and Italian Front during World War I. Despite being much smaller and usually less technologically advanced than the German or British air forces, it performed with tenacity and bravery during the war.
Austria-Hungary
- Entered the war in July/August 1914
- Military led by Commander in Chief Emperor Charles I
- Military Size: 450,000 (lost 227,000 men by the end of the war)
Strategy in the Seas
Strategy on the land
Soldiers Jobs/Responsibilities:
Two engineer companies
A 37 mm gun section
A machine gun platoon (6 MGs)
A mortar squad (4 small mortars)
A flamethrower squad
- Trench Warfare
- 1st, 2nd, 3rd positions
- Combat Zones (bunkers, camouflaged MG's, deep obstacle areas, hidden guns, and mortars distancing the former positions)
- Poison Gas
- Machine Guns
- Dreadnoughts
- 'Szent Istvan' was lost, the Austrian
heavy ships spent the entire war as a
fleet-in-being within the Adriatic Sea, holding down
a large portion of the Italian and French battle fleets as
well as units of the Royal Navy.
- A surprise attack was planned, but the mission was doomed when it was spotted by an Italian MAS boat patrol
- The Austrian Emperor handed down the entire Austro-Hungarian Navy and merchant fleet to the new State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
- They in turn sent diplomatic notes to the governments of France, the United Kingdom, Italy, the United States and Russia, to notify them that the State of SCS was not at war and the Council had taken over the entire Austro-Hungarian fleet
Strategy at Sea
- Convoy System-The practice of merchant ships sailing in groups protected by armed vessels
- Response to unrestricted submarine warfare
- Britain used this system as well
United States
- Neutrality- beginning of war to 1917
- Still trades and gives loans to both sides
- Economy prospers
- Stay out of Europe's conflict
- President Wilson's policy
Strategy on Land
Strategy in the Air
- Aircrafts were very basic in the beginning of the war
- Become more advanced by the end
- US used British aircrafts
- Originally used for reconnaissance and then for aerial fights and bombs
- General John J. Pershing (Black Jack) led the American forces
- Did not just mix in with Allied forces
- "Doughboys"
- Gave Allied powers the extra amount of weapons, supplies, and men to outlast Germany
- Use of tanks, chemical warfare, and trench warfare