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On December 7th, 1941, hundreds of Japanese fighter planes attacked the American naval base at Pearl Harbor near Honolulu, Hawaii. The attack lasted just two hours, but it was devastating. The Japanese managed to destroy nearly 20 American naval vessels, including eight enormous battleships, and almost 200 airplanes. More than 2,000 Americans soldiers and sailors died in the attack, and another 1,000 were wounded. The day after the assault, President Franklin D. Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan. This is when the United States decided to be in the war.
Adolf Hitler was born in Austria in 1889. Hitler rose to power in German politics as leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party, also known as the Nazi Party. Hitler was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and served as dictator from 1934 to 1945. His policies precipitated World War II and the Holocaust. Hitler committed suicide with wife Eva Braun on April 30, 1945, in his Berlin bunker.
On October 25th 1944, Japanese pilots received the first order to become kamikaze, meaning "divine wind" in Japanese. The suicidal blitz of the kamikazes revealed Japan's desperation in the final months of World War II. Most of Japan's top pilots were dead, but youngsters needed little training to take planes full of explosives and crash them into ships. At Okinawa, they sank 30 ships and killed almost 5,000 Americans.
Operation Overlord was the Allied landing in France that was scheduled for June in 1944. The operation had many commanders but the overall commander was General Dwight Eisenhower. Operation Overlord was also code name for the Invasion of Normandy.
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http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/pearl-harbor
http://www.biography.com/people/adolf-hitler-9340144
The Zeppelin airship was originally conceived in 1874 by Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin of Germany. The airship did not take its first flight until 1900. The Zeppelin was developed as a passenger ship, but was quickly adapted for military uses, including bombing raids over England during World War I. The fatal Hindenburg disaster in 1937 helped bring the airship era to an end.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/kamikaze-pilots-get-first-order
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http://www.worldwar2facts.org/operation-overlord.html
Read more: http://www.ehow.com/about_5384489_history-zeppelins.html#ixzz2xhAiN0cW
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After the Battle of Midway, the United States launched a counter-offensive strike known as "island hopping," establishing a line of overlapping island bases, as well as air control.The idea was to capture certain key islands, one after another, until Japan came within range of American bombers. The strike was led by General Douglas MacArthur, Commander of the Allied Forces in the Southwest Pacific, and Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Commander-in-Cheif of the Pacific Fleet.
The February 1945 Yalta Conference was the second wartime meeting of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. During the conference, the three leaders agreed to demand Germany’s unconditional surrender and began plans for a post-war world. Stalin also agreed to permit free elections in Eastern Europe and to enter the Asian war against Japan, for which he was promised the return of lands lost to Japan in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05.
The English Channel is nearly a hundred miles wide and is located between Portsmouth, England, and the Normandy beaches. It was a formidible military barrier. In the spring of 1944, the Allies needed thousands of ships and craft to transport their armies across the Channel and begin the liberation of France. The Channel has, in previous centuries, thwarted Napoleon. It also, in 1940, stopped the conquering Germans.
The origin of the "Final Solution," the Nazi plan to exterminate the Jewish people, remain uncertain. The genocide of the Jews was of the Nazi policy, under the rule of Adolf Hitler. The "Final Solution" was implemented in stages. After the Nazi party rise to power, state-enforced racism resulted in anti-Jewish legislation and Boycotts, all of which aimed to remove the Jew from German society. After the beginning of World War II anti-Jewish policy evolved into a comprehensive plan to concentrate and eventually annihilate European Jewry.
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1671.htm
http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007704
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/yalta-conference
http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/wwii-eur/nomandy/nor3.htm
Auschwitz-Birkenau, opened in 1940 and was the largest of the Nazi concentration and death camps. Auschwitz initially served as a detention center for political prisoners. It then evolved into a network of camps where jewish people and other enemies of the Nazi state were exterminated, often in gas chambers, or used as slave labors. During WWII, more than 1 million people were killed at Auschwitz. In early 1945,the soviet army was approaching, so Nazi officials ordered the camp to be abandoned and sent 60,000 prisoners on a forced march to other locations. When the Soviet army arrived, they found thousands of emaciated prisoners and piles corpses left behind.
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http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/auschwitz
The Invasion of Normandy was caused by Allied Forces in Normandy, France during World War II from June 6th, 1944 until the Allied breakout in July, 1944. The Invasion was part of Operation Overload during World War II. It was also the largest operation that was controlled on land and water in the history of modern warfare.
The Great Depression (1929-39) was the deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world. In the United States, the Great Depression began soon after the stock market crash of October 1929, which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors. Over the next several years, consumer spending and investment dropped, causing steep declines in industrial output and rising levels of unemployment as failing companies laid off workers. President Franklin D. Roosevelt helped lessen the worst effects of the Great Depression in the 1930s. The economy would not fully turn around until after 1939, when World War II kicked American industry into high gear.
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http://www.worldwar2facts.org/battle-of-normandy.html
13. Mussolini- Significant people
14. Normandy- Geographical locations
15. Operation Overlord- Event
16. Pearl Harbor- Geographical location
17. Roosevelt- Significant people
18. Soviet Union- Significant people
19. Totalitarian- Concept
20. U-boat- Thing
21. VE Day- Event
22. Wake Island- Geographical location
23.Yalta Conference- Event
24.Zeppelin- Thing
1. Auschwitz- Geographical location
2. Blitzkrieg- Concept
3. Cash and Carry- Concept
4. Douglas MacArthur- Significant people
5. English Channel- Geographical location
6. Final Solution- Event
7. Great Depression- Event
8. Hitler- Significant people
9. Island Hopping- Concept
10. Joseph Stalin- Significant people
11. Kamikaze- Significant people
12. Lend Lease- Concept
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http://www.history.com/topics/great-depression
Douglas MacArthur was born in Little Rock, Arkansas, on January 26, 1880. He was born into a family with a strong military history. After he graduated from West Point in 1903, he fought in World War I, and was the commander of Allied forces in the pacific in World War II. MacArthur died on April 5, 1964, and was buried in Norfolk, Virginia.
Proposed in late 1940 and passed in March 1941, the Lend-Lease Act was the principal means for providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II. It authorized the president to transfer arms or any other defense materials for which Congress appropriated money to “the government of any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States.” By allowing the transfer of supplies without compensation to Britain, China, the Soviet Union and other countries, the act permitted the United States to support its war interests without being overextended in battle.
Blitzkrieg is a German term meaning "lightning war". This was a military tactic emphasizing rapid and mechanized movement. German forces first tried the tactic out in poland in 1939 before successfully trying it out on Belgium, the Netherlands, and France in 1940. The blitzkrieg was also used by German commander Erwin Rommel during the North African Campaign of World War II. Also U.S. General George Patton adopted this tactic for his army's European operations.
Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act, 1941
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/lend-lease-act
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/blitzkrieg
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Franklin D. Roosevelt was born on January 30th, 1882, in Hyde Park, New York. FDR was stricken with polio in 1921. He became the 32nd U.S. president in 1933, and was the only president to be elected four times. Roosevelt led the United States through the Great Depression and World War II, and greatly expanded the powers of the federal government through a series of programs and reforms known as the New Deal. Roosevelt later died in Georgia in 1945.
The term "totalitarianism" describes a government that controls all aspects of its citizens' lives. It is characterized by a one-party government, often headed by one charismatic leader. Totalitarian states include several regimes that compel entire populations to support an ideology or government. Such states commonly use secret police, propaganda, terror tactics and elimination of criticism of the regime to maintain their power.
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Cash and carry" Neutrality Act passed (US)
Read more: http://www.ehow.com/about_5390824_history-totalitarianism.html#ixzz2xgoz0FNw
The Cash and Carry Act of 1939 was actually an amendment to the 1937 Neutrality Act promoted by then-U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt to sell arms to the Allied powers. By letting arms manufacturers sell their wares for cash, the U.S. could avoid getting entangled in the war due to outstanding debts from warring countries. The Neutrality Act did little to keep the U.S. out of World War II, because Japan would attack Pearl Harbor in 1941.
http://www.biography.com/people/franklin-d-roosevelt-9463381
The Battle of Wake Island was fought December 8-23, 1941, during the World War II. Wake Island was an American outpost in the central Pacific. During the battle a small force of U.S. Marines and civilian defenders fought elements of the Imperial Japanese Navy, which ultimately seized the island but at great cost. Wake Island spent the rest of World War II in Japanese hands.
Read more: http://www.ehow.com/facts_7432844_cash-carry-act-1939.html#ixzz2xhCEvNYs
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/634272/Battle-of-Wake-Island
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Born on December 18, 1879, in Gori, Georgia, Joseph Stalin rose to power as General Secretary of the Communist Party, becoming a Soviet dictator upon Vladimir Lenin's death. Stalin forced rapid industrialization and the collectivization of agricultural land, resulting in millions dying from famine while others were sent to camps. His Red Army helped defeat Nazi Germany during WWII.
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May 8th, 1945, was the date the Allies celebrated the defeat of Nazi Germany and the end of Adolf Hitler's Reich, formally recognising the end of the Second World War in Europe. It was on this date that great celebrations took place across Europe and North America. In London over a million people celebrated the end of the European War.
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Born in 1883 in Dovia di Predappio, Forlì, Italy, Benito Mussolini was an ardent socialist as a youth, following in his father's political footsteps, but was expelled by the party for his support of World War I. In 1919, he created the Fascist Party, eventually making himself dictator and holding all the power in Italy. He overextended his forces during World War II and was eventually killed by his own people, on April 28, 1945, in Mezzegra, Italy.
The USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) or the Soviet union was a constitutional socialist state in Northern Europe and Asia. The Soviet Union included the countries of Russia, Georgia, Ukraine, Lithuania and many others. The USSR existed from 1922 until 1991 when it was dissolved.
http://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/VE-Day/
The U-boats was probably the most deadly weapon used against allied forces during the Second World War. This submarine did not use advanced technology, despite being the best submarine built early in World War II. However, this submarine was unable to avoid radar and sonar, British inventions that were decisive in the campaign at sea against Germany. During the war, more than 1,097 U-boats were built, and 785 were sunk.
http://www.biography.com/people/joseph-stalin-9491723
http://www.biography.com/people/benito-mussolini-9419443
http://www.worldwar-two.net/weapons/u-boat/
http://wanttoknowit.com/interesting-facts-about-the-soviet-union-ussr/