Timeline of World Events: 600 CE-1450 CE

Mongols

Eastern Europe

Kievan Russia

• 907-1118: Khitan conquest of north China
• 1037-1194: Seljuk Turks dominate the Middle East
• 1115-1234: Jurchens (Jin dynasty) rule north China
• 1126: Song dynasty flees to south China
• 1130-c.1250: Almohads rule north Africa and Spain
• 1206: Temujin takes the name of Chinggis Khan; Mongol state founded
• 1215: first Mongol attacks on north China; Beijing captured
• 1219-1223: first Mongol invasions of Russia and Islamic world
• 1227: death of Chinggis Khan; Ogedei named successor
• 1234: Mongols take all of north China; end of Jin dynasty
• 1235-1279: Mongol conquest of south China; end of southern Song dynasty
• 1236-1240: Mongol conquest of Russia
• 1240-1241: Mongol invasion of western Europe
• 1253: Mongol victory over Seljuk Turks; rise of Ottoman Turks in Middle East
• 1258: Mongol destruction of Baghdad
• 1260: Mamluk (slave) rulers of Egypt defeat Mongols at Ain Jalut; end of drive west
• 1260-1294: reign of Kubilai Khan in China
• 1271-1295: journey of Marco Polo to central Asia, China, and southeast Asia

1274-1280: failed Mongol invasions of Japan

• 1336-1405: life of Timur mid-14th century; spread of Black Death in Eurasia

• 650s: Slavic migrations into Eastern Europe
• 718: Arab attack on Constantinople defeated
• 980-1015: conversion of Russia to Christianity
• 1018: Byzantine defeat of Bulgarian kingdom
• 1019-1054: reign of Yaroslav, king of Rus'
• 1054: schism between Eastern and Western Christianity
• 1100-1453: Byzantine decline under growing attacks by Ottomans
• 1203-1204: Fourth Crusade, sacking Constantinople
• 1237-1241: Mongols capture Russia

Western Europe

Holy Roman

Empire

Slavs

• 732: Franks defeat Muslims in France
• 800-814: Charlemagne's empire
• 900-1000: spread of new plows; use of horses in agriculture and transport
• 962: Germanic kings revive Roman Empire
• 1018: beginning of Christian reconquest of Spain
• 1066: Norman conquest of England, strong feudal monarchy
• 1096-1270: Crusades
• 1200-1274: Thomas Aquinas and spread of scholasticism
• 1215: Magna Carta
• 1226-1270: King Louis IX of France
• 1265: first English parliment
• 1303: seizure of papacy by French king
• 1338-1453: Hundred Years War
• 1348-1380: Black Death, or the bubonic plague

• Kiev

Charlemagne's

Empire

Bulgarian

Kingdom

Franks

China

Tang China

• Rome

• Constantinople

Koryo

Byzantine

Japan

Korea

• 618-626: Gaozu emperor
• 618-907: Tang dynasty
• 627-649: Tang Taizong emperor
• 688: Korean conquest; vassal state of Silla
• 690-705: Empress Wu; Buddhist influence in China peaks
• 712-756: Xuanzong emperor
• 840s: period of Buddhist persecution
• 907: end of the Tang dynasty
• 960-1279: Song dynasty; Neo-Confucian revival
• c. 1050: invention of block printing with movable type
• 1067-1085: Shenzong emperor; reforms of Wang Anshi
• c. 1100: invention of gunpowder
• 1115: Jurchen (Jin) kingdom in north China
• 1119: first reference to use of compass for sea navigation
• 1127-1279: Southern Song dynasty
• 1271-1368: reign of the Yuan (Mongol) dynasty in China
• 1279-1368: Mongol (Yuan) dynasty rules all China
• 1290s: first true guns used in China

Abbasid

Fujiwara

Silla

Khorasan

• Heian

Song China

• Nara

Mississippian

Culture Core

• Damascus

Qi

• Baghdad

Umayyad

• Yangzhou

North Africa

• Chang'an

• Alexandria

Buyids

Zhou

Persians

Chen

Japan, Korea, and Vietnam

• Medina

Yucatan

Peninsula

• Tenochtitlan

Ghana

• Mecca

Aztec

• Tula

Le

• Texoco

• 646: Taika reforms in Japan
• 668: Korea wins independence from Tang conquerors
• 668-918: Silla kingdom in Korea
• 710-784: Imperial Japanese capital at Nara
• 794: Japanese capital shifts to Heian (Kyoto)
• 838: last Japanese embassy to China
• 857-1160: period of Fujiwara dominance in Japan
• 918-1392: Koryo dynasty in Korea
• 939: Vietnam wins independence from China
• 960-1279: Song dynasty in China
• 980-1009: Le dynasty in Vietnam
• 1160-1185: Taira clan dominant in Japan
• 1180-1185: Gempei Wars in Japan
• 1185-1333: Kamakura Shogunate in Japan
• 1231-1392: Mongol rule in Korea
• 1279-1368: Mongol rule in China
• 1392-1910: Yi dynasty in Korea

Mali

Toltec

Islamic World

• Timbuktu

Vietnam

• Jenne

Songhai

• 610-632: Muhammed has first revelation in Mecca, begins to preach Islam, hiraj to Medina, and death
• 632-634: rule of caliph Abu Bakr
• 634-643: early Muslim conquests in the Byzantine Empire
• 634-644: rule of caliph Umar
• 637: Arab invasion and destruction of Sasanian Empire
• 656-661: first Islamic civil war
• 661-750: Umayyad caliphate centered in Damascus
• 680-692: second Islamic civil war
• 711-713: first Muslim raids in India
• 744-750: third Islamic civil war
• 750: Abbasid caliphate begins, centered in Baghdad
• 747-750: warriors from Khorasan overthrows Umayyads
• 809: first war of succession of Abbasid princes
• 865-925: life of al-Razi
• 945: Persian Buyids capture Baghdad
• 1055: Seljuk Turks overthrow Buyids and control caliphate
• 1258: fall of Baghdad to Mongols
• 1290s: beginnings of Islam's spread to southeast Asia

Ethiopia

The Americas

• 900: end of intermediate horizon and decline of Tihuanaco and Huari
• 900-1465: Chimor Empire based on Chan-Chan on north coast of Peru
• 968: Tula established by Toltecs
• 1000: Toltec conquest of Chichén Itzá and influence in Yucatan
• 1150: fall of Tula and disintegration of Toltec Empire
• 1200-1500: Mississippian culture flourishes
• 1325: Aztecs established in central Mexico; Tenochtitlan founded
• 1350: Incas established in Cuzco area
• 1434: creation of triple alliance
• 1434-1471: great expansion under Inca Pachacuti
• 1434-1472: rule of Nezhualcoyotl at Texcoco
• 1438: Incas dominate Cuzco and southern highlands
• 1440-1469: reign of Moctezuma I

African Continent

• 600-700: Islam spread across North Africa
• 1000: Ghana at the height of its power
• 1100: Almoravid movement in the Sahara
• 1200: rise of the Mali Empire
• 1260: death of Sundiata; earliest stone buildings at Zimbabwe; Yaruba culture flourishes at Ile-Ife
• 1300: Mali Empire at its height
• 1324: pilgrimage of Mansa Musa
• 1370s: Songhai establishes independent kingdom
• 1400: flourishing cities at Timbuktu and Jenne; Christian kingdom at Ethiopia; Swahili cities flourish
• 1417, 1430: last Chinese trade voyages to East Africa

• Machu Picchu

• Cuzco

Swahili

Coast

Inca

Great

Zimbabwe

Chimor

Timeline of

World Events:

600 CE - 1450 CE