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Rational Choice and Social Exchange

Macroexchange Theories

Generalizable Sources of Rewards

"The common theme is that humans are motivated and act so as to maximize those outcomes they most value" (White, Klein, & Martin p. 40)

Rationality

Profit or Maximizing Utility

  • Ratio of rewards to costs

Tend to be more focused on the group or an organization (White and Klein, 2015, pg. 58)

Microexchange Theories

"If you think about things and relationships that you find rewarding in your life, however, you will probably notice that the value of these rewards changes with time and situation" (White, Klein, & Martin p. 47)

"The concept of a set of general rewards and costs for actors in a specific social system is absolutely necessary if exchange theory is to be applied to groups and large numbers of people and families." (White and Klein, 2015, pg. 50)

Exchanges and Equity

Comparison Level (CL) and Comparison Level for Alternatives (CL+)

Human Capital and Social Capital

Reward and Cost

  • Interactions and fairness

Focuses more on the individual in social relationships

  • Used for profit evaluation

"Most exchange theorists support the idea that profitable exchanges are valued and maintained" (White, Klein, & Martin p. 49).

"A reward is anything that is perceived as beneficial to an actors' interests. It is also possible to conceptualize cost as the negative dimension of rewards" (White, Klein, & Martin p. 44).

Gender Differences in Sexual Behavior

" Although there may exist a biological answer to why this is the case, most authors assume that the biological drive is malleable in how it is satisfied" (White, Klein, & Martin p. 62).

The Rational Choice and Social Exchange Framework

MFT 610: Foundations of Family Studies

Akosua Frampton, Abby Wesselman, and Grace Guyton

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