Ovary and Testes Glands

Why are these glands important?

Ovaries and Testes Glands

Location of the Gland

The female ovaries are paired, almond-sized organs located in the pelvic cavity. Ovaries are inferior to the abdomen and lateral to the uterus.

The paired oval testes of the male are suspended in a sac or the scrotum exteral of the pelvic cavity and posterior to the penis.

By Chelsea Battad and Gage Howard

Hormones and Their Functions

Ovaries Hypofunction

Major Functions

The main hormone produced by the testes is called testosterone.

• It is important in the first stages of developing the male reproductive organs in the fetus.
• It is also causes development of male characteristics such as facial hair, deep voice, and the growth spurt during puberty. After that, it is the main stimulus for sperm production.

The main hormones produced by the ovaries are progesterone and estrogen.

• These work together to promote healthy development of sex characteristics in the female.

Ovarian hypofunction may be caused by genetic factors, or it may occur with certain autoimmune disorders that disrupts or stops regular menustration. Ovarian hypofunction may also make it hard for a woman to become pregnant.

Symptoms

Hot flashes, irregular or absent periods, mood swings, night sweats, and vaginal dryness

Eventually all women develope spontaneous ovarian hypofunction and begin menopause between ages of 45 and 55. They're

ECG

Testes

62

bpm

Testes produce sperm and hormones, specifically testosterone.

Ovaries

Sperm: male reproductive cells; fertilizes eggs to form an embryo

Ovaries produce eggs and steroid hormones

Eggs: female reproductive cells; when fertilized with sperm, an embryo is created.

Works Cited

Clinical Manifestations

Ovaries

• ovarian cancer
• ovarian cycts

Testes

• testicular cancer

Common Causes of Dysfunciton

Ovaries

(2010). An Overview of the Ovaries - EndocrineWeb. Retrieved October 13, 2015, from http://www.endocrineweb.com/endocrinology/overview-ovaries.

(2011). You & Your Hormones | Glands | Hypothalamus. Retrieved October 13, 2015, from http://www.yourhormones.info/glands/hypothalamus.aspx.

• Primary Ovarian Failure- although there is no exact cause, a genetic factor or a problem with the body's immune system may cause irregular or no periods, infertility problems, and meno-pause like symptoms.
• A woman with an overactive thyroid, too much mental or physical stress or an aging ovary cause ovulatory problems.

Testes

• Testicular trauma- rough contact with the testes can lead to severe pain, bruises and/or swelling. On rare occasions, the testes may take a direct hit or squeezed against the hard surface of the pelvic and cause a testicular rapture.
• Testicular torsion- The testicles are secured at one end by a structure called the spermatic cord. Sometimes, this cord gets twisted cutting off the testicle's blood supply.

Ovaries and Testes produce reproductive cells that....

(2007). Premature Ovarian Failure Causes, Symptoms ... - WebMD. Retrieved October 13, 2015, from http://www.webmd.com/menopause/tc/premature-ovarian-failure-topic-overview.

Testes Hypofunction

Hypofunction of the testicles can result from different abnormalities and/or injuries. When hypofunction occurs before puberty, there is failure in the development of secondary sex characteristcs.

Symptoms

The sex organs do not enlarge. Facial, pubic, and armpit hair fails to appear; and the voice fails to change normally.

(2014). Disorders of the Testes - Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved October 13, 2015, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_Testicular_Cancer/hic_Disorders_of_the_Testes.

(2009). Male sex glands - Diseases of the Endocrine ... - FAQs.org. Retrieved October 13, 2015, from http://www.faqs.org/health-encyc/Diseases-of-The-Body/Diseases-of-the-Endocrine-Glands-Male-sex-glands.html.

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