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Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion
Smart Materials
Smart materials are materials that have properties which can be changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli.
Some examples of smart materials are mood rings and conductive ink/paper. The technology is changing by becoming simpler, yet more complex in its functions. The purpose of these materials is often convenience, efficiency so they are steadily becoming less permanent, becoming recyclable, adjustable and sensitive.
Smart materials are created to replace technology. It is basic matter doing the job of energy fueled technology.
When Pigs Fly cont.
PhotoElectric Effect
When Pigs Fly
Tan(theta)=V^2/vg
V=(tan(theta)rg)^1/2
V=tan(29.86)(.74)(9.81)
Theoretical velocity=.464989
Experimental velocity=.488162
Percent error=.499% higher than theoretical value. Placement error, string tension, initial force could account for this.
Einstein's Quantum Light Theory
E=hf
Light is a particle (Photon) as well as a wave
15SPF = 1.26V
30 SPF= 1.19V
50 SPF= .97V
50SPF was .22V more effective at blocking out light
Blue=.93V (Highest frequency, therefore most energy)
Green=.68V (Second most frequency) green is important because plants are green and photosynthesize
Red=.53V (Lowest frequency, and lowest energy on the color spectrum)
UV light = constant frequency
to lower the energy you have to add the SPF to reduce the impact of energy
length of string=1.35m
radius of circle= .74m
time for 10 revolutions=22.45s
mass of pig=.156kg
Sin(angle)=.74/1.35
Sin-1(.74/1.35)=29.86 degrees
T=22.45/10=2.245 seconds
C=2(pi)(r)=2(pi)(.74)=4.65 m
Ac=v2/r=(2.07 m/s)2/.74=5.79 m/s2
V=2(pi)(r)/T=4.65m/2.245s=2.07m/s
Fc=mac=(1.35m)(5.79m/s2)=7.82m2/s2
Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion
Cups and Railroad Wheels
The pig accelerates towards the center of circle.
Time and Gravity are inversely proportional.
V= ((Fc)(.74)/(.156))1/2
-the greater the radius, the greater the velocity
- both sides need to be same speed- so when turning wheels shift to keep even
-railroad wheels are shaped like this
worst
outer side r=4.25cm
inner side r=3.75cm
T=1s
v=2rpi/T
.27 m/s outer
.24m/s inner
hf = E
mc^2 = E
best
outer side r=2.5cm
inner side r=3cm
T=1.2s
v=2rpi/T
.13m/s outer
.16m/s inner
the .o3 difference generates SHM motion on trains so only gradual turns are possible
middle
r=.75 cm
constant r
smallest tangental velocity= more control
T=.2s
v=2rpi/T
.24m/s
Radiometer
relates circular motion and simple harmonic motion- need oscillations for energy
amplitude=30cm similar to radius of wheel=30.5cm
A.) This Radiometer allows light to fly off the white side causing the vanes to spin
B.) The radiometer is used to measure radiant energies such as infrared radiation.
C.) The Radiometer can be used as a model of how the seasons have different temperatures based on the distance of the earth from the sun due to it's axial tilt
Distance:
50cm: faster than the human eye
100cm: 4.95s/3revs
150cm: 18.18s/3rev
200 cm: no effect
Simple Pendulum
Energy