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From Roots to Results
Transcript
President Lyndon B Johnson’s election
References
fig 14: President Lyndon B Johnson signing the civil rights act of 1963 into law
- November 22, 1963
- A stronger advocate concerning civil rights
- Signed the civil rights act and the voting act 1965
- Law signed made is easier to destroy Jim crow laws
- A&E Television Networks. “Montgomery Bus Boycott.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 3 Feb. 2010, https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/montgomery-bus-boycott.
- “Biography.” Congressman John Lewis, 28 June 2016, https://johnlewis.house.gov/john-lewis/biography.
- BlackPast. “(1955) Martin Luther King Jr., ‘The Montgomery Bus Boycott.’” BlackPast, 30 Aug. 2019, https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/1955-martin-luther-king-jr-montgomery-bus-boycott/.
- “Civil Rights Movement.” JFK Library, https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/jfk-in-history/civil-rights-movement.
- Gilmore, Kim. “The Birmingham Children's Crusade of 1963.” Biography.com, A&E Networks Television, 25 June 2019, https://www.biography.com/news/black-history-birmingham-childrens-crusade-1963-video.
- History.com Editors. “SNCC.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 12 Nov. 2009, https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/sncc.
- History.com Editors. “Freedom Riders.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 2 Feb. 2010, https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedom-rides.
- History.com Editors. “Civil Rights Act of 1964.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 4 Jan. 2010, https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-act.
- Lab, Digital Scholarship. “The History Engine.” History Engine: Tools for Collaborative Education and Research | Episodes, https://historyengine.richmond.edu/episodes/view/5583.
- Lyndon B. Johnson and Civil Rights, https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/content/CivilRights.
- Serwer, Adam. “Lyndon Johnson Was a Civil Rights Hero. But Also a Racist.” MSNBC, NBCUniversal News Group, 12 Apr. 2014, http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/lyndon-johnson-civil-rights-racism.
- “The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).” National Archives and Records Administration, National Archives and Records Administration, https://www.archives.gov/research/african-americans/black-power/sncc.
Civil rights of 1964
fig 16: Video of Lyndon B. Johnson making a speech to eliminate segregation and racial discrimination
- Ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin
- Considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement.
- prohibited literacy tests and other discriminatory voting practices, and the
- Congress expanded the bill to add the Voting Rights Act of 1965
fig 15: Lyndon B. Johnson in the oval office answering the phone
fig 17: Lyndon B. Johnson signing the civil right acts of 1964 and throwing peace signs to represent peace
Birmingham Children Crusades
- May 2 1963
- Groups of children from 16th Street Baptist Church
- Goal was to talk to mayor about segregation
- The Commissioner of Public Safety Bull O’Connor ordered police to threaten the children
- Tactics used was powerful water hoses, hitting them with batons, and threaten them with police dogs.
From Roots to Results
Letters from Birmingham Jail
fig 12: Picture portrays the many kids who participated in the Birmingham children march
Fig.13: 2nd volume, page 135 from March. Picture shows the children march
- Arrested on good Friday on 1963
- MLK Response to 8 angry clergy men
- Explained current events in Birmingham in 1963
- Demonstrated his approach throughout the whole civil-rights movement of 1950s and 1960s.
fig 11: Video of someone reciting MLK's letters from Birmingham Jail
By: Debbie Pitt
Freedom Riders
John Lewis is in the SNCC
- Began in 1961
- Organized by Congress of racial equality (C.O.R.E.)
- seeking volunteers to test out the new law produced from Boynton v. Virginia
- Heading to New Orleans to commemorate Brown vs board of education
- May 12, in South Carolina, Lewis was attacked (first time)
- May 14, in Alabama, an angry mob was present which led to the bus exploding
fig 10: 2nd volume, page 30 shows the freedom ride of 1961 and John Lewis involvement
- Joined in April 30, 1961
- The SNCC
- Student of non-violent coordinating committee
- Played a important role in the freedom ride
- Founded in Feb 1, 1960
- Followed the teaching of James Lawson
- Known for sit-ins
Fig 8: one of the SNCC logo
Fig 9: John Lewis being dragged to jail
Kennedy election
- Became President in 1961
- Put African Americans in high power jobs
- Was a Advocate for the civil right acts African Americans wanted, but not a very firm one
- Advise protestors to ease up on boycotting and marching but was denied
- He wanted a compromise between both parties
fig 7: 2nd volume, page 147 of March portrays Kennedy involvement of the making of the civil acts law but reluctancey to encourage the protesting
MLK social justice speech that inspired John Lewis
John Lewis
- December 5, 1955 at Holt street Baptist church in Montgomery
Fig 1: Picture of John Lewis in Capitol Hill
- Born in February 21, 1940 in Alabama
- Father was a sharecropper
- Due to his love for chickens, He wanted to become a pastor (fig 2)
- Went on a trip with his uncle and realized the mistreatment of Africans Americans
fig 6: YouTube video of someone reciting MLK speech that inspired John Lewis and explains Social Gospel
Fig 2: Picture from volume 1, page 27 in March, John Lewis thinking about being a minister
Montgomery boycott
- December 5, 1955 to December 20, 1956
- First large-scale protest against segregation (fig 3)
- Due to Rosa Parks
- ~40,000 people boycotted the bus for desegregation
- African Americans walked, carpooled, or took black taxis
- On June 5, 1956 segregation on buses was made illegal because it violated the 14th amendment
fig 4: YouTube video further explaining the Boycott
fig 3: people deciding to walk rather then take the bus in support of the protest
Who is Rosa Parks?
- She was told to give her seat up to a white man
- She refused and sent to jail