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Heat Energy Transfer
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Heat Energy Transfer
Ex: Sun's electromagnetic waves travel through space warming up the earth.
- Conduction is the transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact.
- Hotter, faster moving molecules bump into colder, slower moving molecules making them move faster, kind of like the balls in a game of pool.
- The closer the molecules, the better the conductor.
- The better the conductor, the faster the heat travels.
The farther apart the molecules are, the worse the materials get acting as a conductor.
Poor conductors are called insulators.
- Convection is the up-and-down movement of fluids (gases and liquids) causing differences in temperature and density.
- As a gas or a liquid is heated, the molecules speed up and spread farther apart, making it less dense and causing it to rise.
- When it cools, molecules slow down and get closer together, making it more dense and causing it to fall.
As the air is heated, it rises because it becomes less dense. As it cools, it becomes more dense and falls, just to be heated up again. This endless cycle are called CONVECTION CURRENTS.
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation
Convection
Conduction
Radiation
- The transfer of energy through empty space.
- When the waves come in contact with an object, the waves transfer heat to it. You can feel the heat without touching it.
Ex: -Wind currents
-Hot air Balloon
-Lower floors of building cooler than top
-Water being warmer at surface of a lake
Ex: -Sunlight
-Microwave oven to food
-Light bulb