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Organ System's Purpose:

Female Organ Functions:

The defined purpose of the reproductive system is to be the vital role in the survival of the species and to do so by producing offspring.

  • Vagina:the vagina functions to carry the sperm to the uterus and fallopian tubes. Also, During childbirth (expulsion), the vagina acts as the birth canal to expel the fetus from the uterus.
  • Uterus: the uterus functions to receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum. The uterus also plays a critical part in childbirth, the birth hormones trigger waves of smooth muscle contraction in the myometrium (one of the three tissue layers in the uterus) that slowly increase in strength and frequency. This intensity and duration increases until the fetus is pushed out of the uterus and through the vagina.
  • Fallopian (uterine) Tubes:the fallopian tubes function by playing an important role in fertilization.These tubes actually carry the egg (ovum) from the ovary to the uterus.
  • Ovaries: the ovaries function to make the sex hormones:estrogens and progesterone.

The Reproductive System

Anatomy & Physiology

Agnes & Xandra

p-3

Female Reproductive System Diagram:

Male Organ Functions:

Female Organs that Makeup the System:

  • Penis: the function of the penis is to deliver semen into the vagina during sexual intercourse.
  • The testicles (testes): the function of the testes is to make sperm (in the seminiferous tubules) and sex hormones. A temperature lower then 37 degrees Celsius is required for the development of sperm.
  • Epididymis: the function of the epididymis is to collect and store sperm. Later, when the sperm travels through the vas deferens it allows the sperm to enter the urethra.
  • Vagina: a muscular canal which connects the cervix of the uterus to the exterior of the body.
  • Uterus: a hollow, thick walled, smooth muscle organ.
  • Fallopian (uterine) Tubes:a pair of muscular tubes that extend from the left and right superior corners of the uterus to the edge of the ovaries.
  • Ovaries:a pair of small glands about the size and shape of almonds, located on the left and right sides of the pelvic body cavity.

Male Reproductive System:

Male Organs that Makeup the System:

  • Penis:contains tissue that fills with blood during sexual arousal.
  • The testicles (testes): small oval sex glands located in a skin sack outside the body (scrotum).
  • Epididymis: a series of small tubes attached to the back of each testice, this eventually becomes the vas deferens.

Relationship with other Body Systems:

  • Circulatory System: the reproductive system works with this system because the blood vessels carry nourishment to the fetus when the mother is pregnant.Also, for males it assists in the process that develops their hormones.
  • Nervous System: the reproductive system works with this system because it helps to regulate the reproductive system’s process. It is a true factor in maintaining the body's homeostasis.
  • Endocrine System: the reproductive system works with this system because it helps to maintain and stabilize hormones (such as sex hormones) that aid the body’s internal activities.

Sources:

Medical Problems/Diseases:

  • Slide 1 (picture):http://kids.britannica.com/elementary/art-89496/Men-and-women-have-different-reproductive-organs
  • Slide 2:http://www.livescience.com/26741-reproductive-system.html
  • Slide 2 (picture): http://img.docstoccdn.com/thumb/orig/131469395.png
  • Slide 3:http://www.innerbody.com/image/repfov.html ,http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Reproductive_system?open , and class notes.
  • Slide 3 (picture):http://www.drashishdas.com.au/images/medical-illustrations/female-reproductive-system.jpg
  • Slide 4:http://www.innerbody.com/image/repfov.html ,http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Reproductive_system?open , and class notes.
  • Slide 4 (picture):http://www.ib.bioninja.com.au/_Media/male_reproductive_organs_med.jpeg
  • Slide 5: http://www.innerbody.com/image/repfov.html ,http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Reproductive_system?open , and class notes.
  • Slide 6: http://www.innerbody.com/image/repfov.html ,http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Reproductive_system?open , and class notes.
  • Slide 7: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Blausen_0400_FemaleReproSystem_02.png ,http://www.shropshireivf.nhs.uk/Library/images/female.jpg
  • Slide 8: http://medical.cdn.patient.co.uk/images/i24_l1.jpg ,http://biology.tutorpace.com/images/Male%20Reproductive%20system%20Diagram.jpg
  • Slide 9: https://8salembodysystems.wikispaces.com/Reproductive+System , anatomy book
  • Slide 9 (pictures): http://i.livescience.com/images/i/000/035/842/i02/shutterstock_108941684.jpg?1381554661 , http://www.3dscience.com/img/Products/3D_Models/Human_Anatomy/Male_System/Male_Nervous_3.0/supporting_images/Male-Nervous-System-ref01.jpg , http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Vein_art_near.png
  • Slide 10: http://www.livescience.com/26741-reproductive-system.html , http://www.babycenter.com/0_common-causes-of-fertility-problems-in-women_1228906.bc?page=2

  • In females, cancer can attack the uterus, ovaries, breast and cervix.Tests to detect ovarian cancer, as well as cancer of the fallopian tube, are being researched.
  • Human papillomavirus infection (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection among women. However, most women and men will develop it once in there lifetime and not show any symptoms at all; only a few might develop cervical cancer and or genital warts.
  • Both genders can develop STD's (sexually transmitted diseases) such as, but not limited to:genital herpes, gonorrhea and syphilis.
  • HIV/AIDS can also affect both genders; however, sex is not the only way to catch this considering it is classified as an immune disease- not a reproductive one.
  • In males, prostate cancer is the most common, treatment depends on the age, severity of the disease and other health conditions.
  • Erectile dysfunction is another popular condition which affects one out of every 10 men for a long term basis. This can be associated with vascular disease, neurological disorders, psychological episodes.
  • A common problem that may occur between both male and female in this system is infertility. This can be due to poor egg quality. Fixing this problem may be as simple as changing ones dieting or lifestyle; however,sometimes more severe measures may have to be taken such as taking repetitive cycles of fertility medication or even surgery if detected fallopian tube damage is done. However, between all these methods success rates truly vary and are based on each specific couple and female.
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