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2014

2000s continued

End

  • 2011 - President Obama states his administration will no longer defend the Defense of Marriage Act, which bans the recognition of same-sex marriage. "Don't ask, don't tell" (DADT) is struck down and gays and lesbians are permitted to serve in the military.
  • 2012 - California enacted America's first law protecting trans students; the law, called the School Success and Opportunity Act, declares that every public school student in California must be "permitted to participate in sex-segregated school programs and activities, including athletic teams and competitions, and use facilities consistent with his or her gender identity, irrespective of the gender listed on the pupil’s records."
  • Laverne Cox was on the cover of the 9 June 2014 issue of Time, and was interviewed for the article "The Transgender Tipping Point" by Katy Steinmetz, which ran in that issue and the title of which was also featured on the cover; this makes Cox the first openly transgender person on the cover of Time. Laverne Cox also became the first openly transgender person to be nominated for an Emmy in an acting category: Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series for her role as Sophia Burset in Orange Is the New Black.
  • This morning the Supreme Court officially declined to rule on five pending same-sex marriage cases from Indiana, Utah, Oklahoma, Virginia, and Wisconsin. This means that the lower court rulings in these cases will remain intact and won’t be successfully appealed, so same-sex marriage will remain legal in a number of individual states. However, the decision also dashes many activists’ hopes that a SCOTUS ruling might be a major step forward for federally affirming that marriage equality is a right guaranteed by the Constitution.

2000s continued

1980s continued

1990s

2000s

1990s continued

  • 2000 - Vermont becomes the first state in the U.S. to legalize civil unions and registered partnerships between same-sex couples. The Trans Pride flag was first shown, at a pride parade in Phoenix, Arizona.
  • 2001 - The first memorial in the United States honoring LGBT veterans was dedicated in Desert Memorial Park, Cathedral City, California.
  • 2004 - Massachusetts becomes the first state to legalize gay marriage. The court finds the prohibition of gay marriage unconstitutional because it denies dignity and equality of all individuals.
  • 2006 - State Rep. Patricia Todd, D-Birmingham, became Alabama's first openly gay public official when she was elected in 2006. Kim Coco Iwamoto became the first trans official to win statewide office in Hawaii.
  • 1987 - On October 11, the National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights drew over 500,000 people. This date became National Coming Out Day. AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power(ACT-UP) founded in the US in response to the US government’s slow response in dealing with the AIDS crisis. Boulder, CO citizens pass the first referendum to ban discrimination based on sexual orientation. The Names Project unveiled the AIDS Memorial Quilt on the Capitol Mall in Washington, D.C. At that time, the Quilt covered the area of two football fields.
  • 1988 - 1988 The 10th Annual National Coalition of Black Lesbians and Gays conference took place. The Episcopal Diocese of Newark, New Jersey became the first church in the country to support congregations who condoned relationships between gay and lesbian couples.
  • 1992 - Bill Clinton, the 41st President of the United States, was the first President to recognize gay and lesbian civil rights as a serious and important national issue. Althea Garrison was elected as the first trans state legislator in America, and served one term in the Massachusetts House of Representatives; however, it was not publicly known she was trans when she was elected.
  • 1997 - Ellen DeGeneres came out as a lesbian, one of the first celebrities to do so. Furthermore, later that year her character Ellen Morgan came out as a lesbian on the TV show "Ellen", making Ellen DeGeneres the first openly lesbian actress to play an openly lesbian character on television.
  • 1998 - The first bisexual pride flag was unveiled. Rita Hester, a trans African American woman, was murdered in Allston, MA on November 28, 1998. In response to her murder, an outpouring of community grief and anger led to a candlelight vigil held the following Friday. This vigil inspired the "Remembering Our Dead" web project and the international Transgender Day of Remembrance.
  • 2007 - Sponsored by the Human Rights Campaign, the Logo cable channel hosts the first American presidential forum focusing specifically on LGBT issues, inviting each presidential candidate. Six Democrats participate in the forum, including Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama, while all Republican candidates decline.
  • 2010 - The U.S. Senate votes 65-31 to repeal "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy, allowing gays and lesbians to serve openly in the U.S. Military. A federal judge in San Francisco decides that gays and lesbians have the constitutional right to marry and that Prop 8 is unconstitutional. Lawyers will challenge the finding. U.S. state of California, United States District Judge Vaughn Walker strikes down California's Proposition 8 as a violation of the United States Constitution's Fourteenth Amendment
  • 1990 - BiNet USA is founded. Dale McCormick became the first open lesbian elected to a state Senate from Maine. The Union for Reform Judaism announced a national policy declaring lesbian and gay Jews to be full and equal members of the religious community.
  • 1991 - The red ribbon is first used as a symbol of the campaign against HIV/AIDS. Sherry Harris was elected to the City Council in Seattle, Washington, making her the first openly lesbian African-American elected official. The first lesbian kiss on television occurred; it was on "L.A. Law".
  • 1992 - On October 11, the AIDS Memorial Quilt was unfolded in its entirety, representing 22,000 people, on the Capitol Mall. The University of Iowa extended its health benefits to the domestic partners of lesbian and gay employees. The University of Chicago soon followed suit.

1980s

1970s continued

1970s

  • 1980 – The United States Democratic Party becomes the first major political party in the U.S. to endorse a homosexual rights platform plank. David McReynolds becomes the first openly LGBT individual to run for President of the United States, appearing on the Socialist Party U S A ticket. The Human Rights Campaign Fund is founded by Steve Endean.
  • 1981 - Tennis player Billie Jean King became the first prominent professional athlete to come out as a lesbian.
  • 1986 - Becky Smith and Annie Afleck became the first openly lesbian couple in America granted legal, joint adoption of a child. Trans mLou Sullivan founded one of the first advocacy groups for trans men.
  • 1975 - Clela Rorex, a clerk in Boulder County, Colorado, issues the first same-sex marriage licenses in the United States, issuing the very first of them to Dave McCord and Dave Zamora, on 26 March 1975. Six same-sex marriages were performed as a result of her giving out licenses, but all of the marriages were overturned later that year.
  • 1978- On November 27, Harvey Milk, an openly gay city council member and San Francisco's Mayor George Moscone were murdered. The murderer's downgraded sentence sparked a surge of queer activism. Also this year, the rainbow flag is first used as a symbol of queer pride.
  • 1979 – The first national homosexual rights march on Washington, DC is held.
  • 1972 - Freda Smith became the first openly lesbian minister in the Metropolitan Community Church (she was also their first female minister).Beth Chayim Chadashim was founded in 1972 as the world's first lesbian and gay synagogue recognized by the Reform Jewish community. A Quaker group, the Committee of Friends on Bisexuality, issued the "Ithaca Statement on Bisexuality" supporting bisexuals.
  • 1973 - Sally Miller Gearhart became the first open lesbian to obtain a tenure-track faculty position when she was hired by San Francisco State University, where she helped establish one of the first women and gender study programs in the country.
  • 1974 - The first openly gay or lesbian person to be elected to any political office in America was Kathy Kozachenko, who was elected to the Ann Arbor City Council in April.
  • 1975 - Minneapolis becomes the first city in the United States to pass trans-inclusive civil rights protection legislation.
  • 1970- The first Gay Liberation Day March is held in New York City; The first LGBT Pride Parade is held in New York; The first "Gay-in" held in San Francisco
  • 1972- East Lansing, Michigan and Ann Arbor, Michigan and San Francisco, California become the first cities in United States to pass a homosexual rights ordinance.
  • Jim Foster, San Francisco and Madeline Davis, Buffalo, New York, are the first gay and lesbian delegates to the Democratic Convention. Gay rights are advocated to become a part of the Democratic Party Platform.
  • In Queens, NY, schoolteacher Jeanne Manford marched with her gay son, gay rights activist Morty Manford, in New York's Christopher Street Liberation Day march. This was the origin of the straight ally movement and of PFLAG

1969 - Stonewall

The legendary Stonewall Inn is the birthplace of the modern Gay Rights movement. On June 28th, 1969, the patrons of the Stonewall Inn fought back against what had become regular, city sanctioned harassment by the police department. , New York's gay community had grown weary of the police department targeting gay clubs and fought against the police. This set off a number of riots. Trans women leaders, including Sylvia Rivera and Marcia P. Johnson, and other queer activists are among those who clashed with police. News of the riot spread quickly throughout Greenwich Village and the next night, more rioting again surrounded Christopher Street. Thousands of people gathered in front of the Stonewall. The event commonly acknowledged to be the birth of the modern LGBTQ+ movement.

1967

1966

  • The Black Cat Tavern in the Silver Lake neighborhood of Los Angeles is raided on New Year's day by 12 plainclothes police officers who beat and arrested employees and patrons. The raid prompted a series of protests that began on 5 January 1967, organized by P.R.I.D.E. (Personal Rights in Defense and Education). It's the first use of the term "Pride" that came to be associated with LGBT rights.
  • The Advocate was first published in September as "The Los Angeles Advocate," a local newsletter alerting gay men to police raids in Los Angeles gay bars.
  • The Mattachine Society stages a "Sip-In" at Julius Bar in New York City challenging a New York State Liquor Authority prohibiting serving alcohol to gays.
  • The National Planning Conference of Homophile Organizations is established (to became NACHO—North American Conference of Homophile Organizations later that year).
  • The Compton Cafeteria Riot occurred in August 1966 by transgender women and Vanguard members in the Tenderloin district of San Francisco. This incident was one of the first recorded transgender riots in United States history, preceding the more famous 1969 Stonewall Riots in New York City by three years. Vanguard was founded to demonstrate for equal rights.
  • The first lesbian to appear on the cover of the lesbian magazine The Ladder with her face showing was Lilli Vincenz in January 1966.
  • A coalition of Homosexual organizations organized demonstrations for Armed Forces Day to protest the exclusion of LGBT from the U.S. armed services. The Los Angeles group held a 15-car motorcade, which has been identified as the nation’s first gay pride parade

LGBTQ+ Timeline

It's important to learn about queer history to better understand the roots of the LGBTQ+ community and queer activism. We can learn from our past, and we can also recognize all parts of the community that have vital but at times maybe marginalized by mainstream queer history. While queer history extends through time, the 1960s was a pivotal time for queer activism in the United States that greatly influenced where we are today.

Queer History from the 1960s to Now

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