Philippine Educational System: Historical Perspective

Philippine Educational System: Historical Perspective

The ten (10) regular bureaus and institutes of the Ministry

There was a reorganization of the Department of Education and Culture, some

offices were abolished

or integrated with other offices, new ones were also created.

5. Sports and Development

6. Institute of National

1. Higher

Education

2. Secondary Education

7. National

Library

8. National

Museum

B. Spanish period

During the Spanish period, education became organized.

A major educational reform was affected that gives a complete

educational system for Filipinos.

3. Elementary Education

4. Continuing Education

The Early Part of the Spanish Regime

• Schools were set up for the upper social classes founded by Spaniards for the Spanish youth.

• Filipino boys and girls attended parochial schools.

Other subjects includes (after 1863),

the 3 R’s, history,

Christian doctrine,

the Spanish language,

vocal music, and agriculture for boys and needlework for girls

Educational Decree of 1863

• A law that gave Filipinos a complete system of

education from elementary to collegiate level.

• Provided for the establishment of elementary schools,

one for boys and one for girls, in all municipalities of the

country

• Attendance in school were compulsory between

the ages of seven and twelve

Secondary education

was given at

Colegio de San Juan de Letran,

Ateneo Municipal

de Manila and in seminaries.

9. Historical Institute

10. Technical Vocational Education

The curriculum was predominantly

religious. The children learned

Christian doctrine, sacred songs

and music, and prayers required

for the sacraments

of confession and communion.

The 3 R’s were given to brighter

students.

Collegiate instruction

was provided

by the University

of Santo Tomas.

D. The Japanese Regime

The teaching of Tagalog,

Philippine History,

and Character Education

was reserved for Filipinos.

Love for work and dignity was emphasized.

Military Order No. 2, 1942

embodies the Japanese educational policies.

Proclamation 1081, September 21, 1972

It started an educational reform

based on the findings of PCSPE.

E. The Educational System under the Martial Law Period

It was premised on the framework that education should be an integrated system as provided

for in Section 8, Sub-section 1 of Article XI acronym, PLEDGES,

Presidential commission to Survey

Philippine Education (PCSPE)

It was created by the President (F. Marcos)

to study our educational system at that time which came up with policy and program recommendations based on their findings.

which meant, peace and order, land reform,

economic development, development of

moral values through educational reform, government reorganization, employment and manpower development and social services.

C. AMERICAN REGIME

Act No. 74

The Americans established for the Filipinos a system of free public education.

In line with this goals, the US sent a group of professionally trained American priest teachers, the Thomasites.

Schools established during this period

1901 Philippine Normal School

1908 University of the Philippines

Act No. 372

required all

provinces

to maintain a

provincial

high school.

Constitutional Convention in 1935, Article XIV Section 5

A mandate that “….the government shall establish and maintain a complete and adequate system of public education and shall provide at least free public primary instructions and citizenship training to adult citizens.”

The Educational

Act of 1940

Grade VII was eliminated.

It was during this period that the

Filipinos came to adopt the American

system of education as it was today.

The Philippine government established

and maintained the elementary,

secondary, and tertiary levels of

education, the operations of which

was either by the government,

or private persons or corporations.

( Please refer to our discussion

of the present system of Philippine

education above.)

Education aimed at training Filipinos in the democratic way of life, citizenship, moral character, fundamentals of vocational education and trained for self-government.

The present

educational system of the Philippines is the result of a long process of educational evolution.

A. Pre-Spanish Period

During the pre-Spanish period, education

informal. It means that there was no overruling agency that governs the educational system.

The child is taught at home by the parents or by some tribal tutor.

Institutionalized education in the form of initiation rites and religious ceremonies. The priest called sonats provided a specialized training for would-be priest.

The practice of apprenticeship, whereby a person usually learns some occupational skill from his parents or sent to somebody as an apprentice who knows a certain job [say, a blacksmith]

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