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Differential Susceptibility
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Differential Susceptibility
Putting the Pieces Together
DSM
Stigma
Bronfenbrenner Model
Understanding DST
Trans-diagnostic Model
HiTOP
RDoC
DST
Key Terms
Differential Susceptibility
Diathesis-Stress Model
Biological Sensitivity to Context
- "for better and for worse" in response to environment influences
- a "vulnerability" inherent in the individual predisposes to negative outcomes in response to negative environment
- evolutionary bet-hedging to produce both "conditional" (highly susceptible) and "alternative" (less susceptible) development strategies in individuals (Ellis et al., 2011)
Moderation/Interaction
- the level of one variable influences the impact of another variable
Key Terms
Orchid and Dandelion
Orchid and Dandelion
Mild PTSD
Subclinical Symptoms
Orchid-Dandelion
Increased social support; therapy
Severe
PTSD
No disorder
PTSD
Better Outcome?
Person X Environment
- "plasticity factors" (Belsky & Pluess, 2009)
- not "vulnerability factors"
- Implications
- No single optimal path because it is context-dependent
Equifinality and Multifinality
Equifinality & Multifinality
How does DST help explain equifinality? Multifinality?
Dimensional Approaches
How does DST fit in with categorical and dimensional approaches to psychopathology?
Biopsychosocial Model
How does DST relate to the biopsychosocial model (Fava & Sonino, 2017)?
Maladaptation?
Is the term "maladaptive" a misnomer?
"For Better and For Worse"
- Evolutionary process: adaptive in the past or adaptive in some environments
Stigma
The language we use matters - should we move away from the term "maladaptation" to something that more accurately describes mental health disorder symptoms?
Stigma
(Cultural) Context Matters
Cultural Context
Differential, differential susceptibility (Belsky, Zhang, & Sayler, 2022)
DST in Practice
Differential Susceptibility in Practice: Research and Clinical
DST in Research
How might DST relate to your own research questions?
Research
DST in Clinical Practice
What are the clinical implications of DST?
Clinical
Understanding that all "individuals differ systematically in their susceptibility to environmental influence" (Ellis et al., 2011), how can clinicians ensure treatment is individualized and tailored to the individual rather than implementing more generalized interventions? (Sam)