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  • calabar beans

Thank You!

by:

Amjad Alsofyany

Sara Alghamdi

  • calabar bean is plant . the seed is extremly poisonous and is also used to make medicaine.
  • calabar bean contains a chemical that affects singnals between muscles and nerve .this chmical affects many parts of the body .

introduction

  • origin: it is the dried ripe seeds of Physostigma venenosum .
  • family : leguminosae.
  • calabar beans are the ripe seeds of the legumes of physostigma venenosum balfour, a perennial woody climbing plant of the family Papilionaceae.

Botanical source

picture:

The chief constituent of calabar bean the physostigmine (eserine) ,which is the medicinally ,useful alkaloid. it also contains starch and protine ,in addition , the calabar bean contains small quantities of a number of other alkaloide which include: geneserine ,eseramin ,iso - physostigmine , physovenine , nor- physostigmine, and small amount of fixed oil.

chemical constiuents

physostigmaine Salicylate ingection

Drug

Uses :

Uses

1- physostigmaine is used to treat glucoma because it crosses the BBB .

2-treatment of tetanus as a antidote

3- miotic effecte

4- Epilepsy

5- Cholera

Calabar bean is UNSAVE

Side effect

its extremely toxic

can cause :

Excessive saliva and sweating

Reduced eye pupil size

Vomiting , diarrhea , coma

blood pressure change , coma

Bradycardia, sever muscle weakness

Respiratory depression

cholinergic crisis

mechanism of action

Mechanism of action

physostigmaine inhibits acetylcholinesterase , the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of used acetylcholine . By interfering with the metabolism of acetylcholine , physostigmine indirectly stimulates both nicotinic and muscarinic receptor due to the consequential increase of acetylcholine at the synaptic cleft .

Picture

Be especially to avoid calabar beans if

precaution &

warnings

- You are pregnant or breast-feeding

- You have parkinson's disease

- You have heart disease or slow heartbeat

- You have asthma

- You have diabetes

- You have poor blood circulation leading to tissue death ( gangrene )

- You have blockage of the intestinal tract

References

https://thepharmacognosy.com/calabar-beans/

https://reference.medscap.com/drug/physotigmine-343743

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