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13-1 Geography of Eastern Europe
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13-1 Geography of Eastern Europe
Climate
Vast Plains
- Most of Eastern Europe has a humid continental climate. As you go south, things tend to get hotter, although the winters remain similar to what you see in the north.
- In Albania and Macedonia, a more Mediterranean climate can be experienced, where summers tend to be hot and dry, and the winters are mild.
- In far northern Russia temperatures plummet to low levels. In the Novaya Zemlya, an archipelago north of Russia, everything is covered in ice year-round.
- The largest plain in Europe is the Russian Plain, which begins in Belarus and Ukraine and stretches east for 1,000 miles.
- The Northern European Plain includes Poland in Eastern Europe, before stretching into Western Europe.
- Within Romania is the Transylvanian basin- a basic is an area of land that slopes gently downward from the surrounding land
- Much of Ukraine is steppe, or large amounts of level land that support only low-growing vegetation, like grass.
Resources
- Since Russia is the largest nation in the world, it has tons of resources at its disposal. One-fifth of the world's forests are in Russia, and it has vast reserves of coal, oil, and natural gas. These resources allow Russia to support many industries.
- Poland has important mineral resources like aluminum, coal, copper, lead, and zinc.
- Romania makes use of energy resources like coal and oil, but also uses hydroelectric and thermal power plants to generate clean energy. It also uses the Black Sea and the Danube river for its fishing industry.
- South of the Russian Plain are the Greater and Lesser Caucusus Mountains, while the Ural Mountains separate Europe and Asia, running north to south.
- The Carpathian Mountains run into the Balkan peninsula, and actually connect with the Balkan Mountains. All of these mountains have isolated local communities, causing people to be diverse and fiercely independent.
- This independent streak has led to common conflicts, and the term balkanization means conflict among ethnic groups within the same country or region.
These guys hate each other.
Waterways
- The Baltic Sea lies to the northwest of Russia and Eastern Europe- it's brackish, which means it's a mix of salt and fresh water.
- The Adriatic, Ionian, and Black Seas surround the Balkan Peninsula on three sides.
- The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water.
- The Volga River is the longest river in Europe and it's the most important in Russia. Not only does it carry trade ships and passengers on boats, but it also provides hydroelectric power.
- The Dniester is the second longest, carrying freight and passenger ships, flowing from the Carpathian mountains down to the Black Sea.
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