The Cell, Ap-Bio,5th

The Nucleus

Function:Storing the Dna and facillitating its transcription and replication

Analogy:

we can compare the nucleus to a government because it runs directs functions around the cell

Component:

DNA/chromatin surrounded by the nucleus envelope and anucleolus in the center

DNA

Function: Storing Genetic Information

Analogy:

morse codes which have to be converted into words then act as directions

Component:

Phosphorus head, Nitrogen base, and sugar in the middle

nucleolus

Function:

Producing ribosomes

Analogy:

can be compared to a factory because it produces a product

component:

ribonucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins.

Smooth E.R

Function:

synthesizes lipids, phospholipids as in plasma membranes, and steroids

Analogy:

can be comapred to oil extractor or oil glands because they produce lipids

Component:

made of cisternae and membranes

Rough E.R

Function:

To produce proteins

Analogy:

a factory which its factory workers are the ribosomes and the product is prtein

Component:

cisternae, membranes and most importantly Ribosomes.

The Vacuole

Function:

To maintaine internal pressure of the cell and store nutrients, water and waste

Analogy:

can be compared to a Storehouse because both store materials

Component:

A lipid tonoplast membrane, a central vacuole and a cell saps

The Chloroplast

Function:

Turns Sunlight into Chemical energy via photosynthesis

Analogy:

Solar panel because both use sunlight and turn it into use able energy

Component:

Outer membrane,inner membrane, and granum, and thylakoid lumen

The Mitochondria

Function:

Making energy for the cell

Analogy:

It can be Compared to a power generator because The mitochondria generates energy

Component:

lipid outer and innner membrane, matrix's, cristae's, its own dna,granule's and ribosomes.

Golgi body

Function:

package proteins and lipid molecules

Analogy:

The product Packing process in a factory

Component:

A Cis and trans face, Cisternae,lumen and secretory vesicle

Ribosome

Function:

To make proteins for the cell/a component of rough Er

Analogy:

a computer screen because it takes raw information codes similiar to Rna into Functional pictures and videos similiar to protein

Component:

Ribosome Rna and Ribosomal proteins which make up the small subunit and the large subunit of the ribosome

Plasmodesmata

Function:

pores that connect two plant cells which allow the trafficking of molecules between cells

Analogy:

Plasmodesmata can be compared to a door connecting one room to another.

Component:

a plasma membrane, the cytoplasmic sleeve, and the desmotubule.

The Peroxisome

Function:

oxidation of specific biomolecules

Analogy:

Water plants are like peroxisomes, they both detoxify substances (water, alcohol) which can then later be used.

Component:

The peroxisome is made of a lipid bilayer membrane and a cristalloid core with a bunch of enzyme's inside of the organelle

The Cell wall

Function:

Holds the structure of the cell and acts as a defence against physical damage

Analogy:

The cell wall can be compared with the wall of a building because it protects its various rooms from the outside world

Component:

The cell wall is made chains of cellulose.

The Cell membrane

Function:

separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment and monitors what can come in or come out.

Analogy:

The cell membrane is like metal ditector doors because they both monitor what can get in or get out of the environment.

Component:

phospholipids and transport proteins which use atp

Cytoplasm

Function:

Acts as a medium for the other organnels and chemical reactions

Analogy:

Cytoplasm can be comapred with water because it is a solvent which makes a solution for reactions to happen

Component:

The cytoplasm is mainly made of cytosol

The Cytoskeleton

Function:

The main function of cytoskeleton is to keep structure in the cell

Analogy:

The cytoskeleton is like a beam of a house because it helps keep the structure of the house

Component:

microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments