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Born on 14th may 1907 in Rihana village near Haripur, Hazara Pakistan.
Studied at Ali garh Muslim university .
join the British army in 1926.
Fought in the world war 2 as commisioned officer.
attained the rank of brigadier in 1947.
In 1951 he became the commander in chief of pak army .
Army took control of the country and appointed Genral Ayub kahn as martial law administration.
Soon after Ayub khan declared himself as a president..
ARMY LIFE
ARMY LIFE
achievements
ACHIEVEMENTS
.War was result of skirmishes that took place between April 1965 to September 1965. 2.Pakistan operation Gibraltar.
3.operation was meant to precipitate insurgency against India.
4.India reacted and launches full scale war on west Pakistan.
5.it was 17 day war and was result of cold war since 1947.
6.the other main cause was Rann of Kutch. that is barren land in desert of Gujrat.
7.first issue arose in january 1956 and that was followed by small scale battle on 8 april 1965 but on june 1965 british prime minister Harold Wilson successfully settle down the dispute.
8.in august Ayub khan want to start military campaign in kashmir.
9.On 5 Aug between 26000 to 33000 Pakistani soldier invade in kashmir through LOC.
10.Indian cross cease fire line on 15 Aug.
11. Pakistan made progress in uri ,tithual and poonch.while india took control over Haji pir pass.
12 on 1 September 1965 Pakistan launched operation grand slam to capture akhnoor,and indian were taken surprise.
13 To divert pakistan force india cross western border on 6 September.
14. it was massive battle after world war 2
INDIA.
3000 men.
150-190 tanks.
60-75 aircrafts.
540 km2 .
PAKISTAN.
3800 men.
200-300 tanks
20 aircrafts.
1840 km2.but pakistan claims 2575 km2.
1.He wrote his autobiography "Friends not Masters".
2.Pakistan became informal allie of china in 1959 but later on china diplomatic support and transfer of military equipment was important during war.
3.Ayub khan foreign ministers Zulfiqar ali bhutto is credited for this.
4.before war UK and USA were major allie of both countries but they dont indulge them selves in war .
5 later on they move to china and Russia. Soviet union open door to both countries .
6. Ayub khan broke the agreement with USA which was signed in 1959 and close down their activities in peshawar.
1 On september 23 1965 ,UN arrange ceasefire.
2.in january 1966 Ayub khan and LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI signed a declaration under russian premier ALEXEI KOSYGIN supervision at Tashkent.
3.In Feb 1966 a national conference was held in lahore to discuss Tashkent declaration.
4.most politican took it as a unnecessary capitulation toward india.
5.East wing was not given full representation only 21 politician came under mujib ur rehman lead. he presented six points.
6 Foreign minister.Bhutto resign on Aug 31 1966.
7. He became vocal leader and found PPP in 1968.
8.In Feb1968 Ayub khan illness and his family members corruption weakend his position.
9.In west pakistan ppp was considered as revolutionary party while in east pakistan six points become ralling cry of people.
10. In Oct 1968 govt sponsered a celebration called "Decade of Development".
11. Bhutto challenged Ayub khan on ballot box while in east dissatisfication went deeper.
12.In jan 1969 several opposition parties formed" Democratic Action Committe".
13.Ayub khan reacted by alternating conciliation and repression Army move to lahor karachi peshawar dhaka and khulna.
14.In rural area of east pakistan curfew was launched but proved ineffective.
15.In Feb 1969 Ayub khan released political prisnores and invited DAC to meet him in Rawalpindi.
16.Still in poor health and lacking confidance of his generals Ayub khan wants political settlements.
17.On march 25 1969 Martial law was again proclaimed .
18. General Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan was designated as a CMLA.
19.1962 constitution was aborted Ayub khan resign and Yahya Khan become President.
1. No could own land holdings less than 12.5 acres or greater than 500 acres (irrigated) or 100 acres (unirrigated)
2. The land in excess was confiscated by the government and redistributed among the landless farmers so the landless farmers can also make earning for theirselves
3. In his era use of HYVs (high yielding variety) use of fertilizers produced by fertilizer industries that were recently developed, encouragement of mechanization by the way of availability of tractors and harvesters on easy instalments.
4. Installations of tube wells, better irrigational facilities
5. Due to the 3 dams built as a result of the Indus Water treaty in1960 with India which ensured constant water supply for 10 years.
6. Loans for farmers
7. Protection to tenants
8. Rights for tenants
9. Agriculture development bank was set
These policies brought about a green revolution and so crop yields were at an all time record. However, it lead to large scale unemployment and these facilities could not be used by poor peasants who found them too expensive. So they made rich richer and poor poorer.