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Works Cited

  • Wikipedia
  • S.C. Sea Grant Consortium
  • Emory & Henry College
  • Gullah Museum SC
  • Weebly
  • PNAS
  • Khan Academy
  • LSU Ag Center
  • The MIT Press

Rice in Europe

8th century CE

  • Spain and Portugal developed colonies in the New World with the use of enslaved people
  • Europe (specifically the Iberian Peninsula) profits tremendously since rice is extremely profitable and is both a cash crop and a part of plantation agriculture

Rice Incorporation into European Culture:

  • Originally in Europe, rice is only available to the rich but as it spreads, it soon becomes accessible to everyone
  • Becomes a staple in European diets and replaces bread in some regions

Rice in the * New World *

1st century CE

Rice Incorporation into African Culture:

- Portugal bring enslaved Africans to Brazil and South America

- In North America, the Spanish bring enslaved Africans to work on rice plantations, the biggest one in South Carolina

- South Carolina becomes a booming state for rice plantations

- By 1670, farmers in SC embraced rice as a crop for exporting

- Wealth in this state was built primarily on slave labor

- However, the slave trade also brought diseases, like malaria, to the New World which killed Europeans who grew it, increasing the demand for more slaves

Impact on Environment:

- Canals are built in SC to control flooding and manage irrigation

- Slave trade for the cultivation of rice brought and spread malaria

1680s

7th millenium BCE

ORIGIN

The Origin of Rice

  • Theory that rice originated in the Phillipines 14 mil. years ago
  • Domesticated in China 8200 - 13500 years ago in the middle and lower Yangzi River Valley region
  • Champa rice originated in the Khmer Empire (modern day Vietnam)

16th century CE

Rice in Africa

  • Europeans enslaved Africans, specifically from the Rice Coast of West Africa, because they were more likely to have prior knowledge in rice agriculture
  • The demand for slave labor from Africa grew as rice became increasingly profitable
  • Rice was the leading cause of demand for enslaved people before cotton
  • Enslaved people brought with them diseases such as malaria and yellow fever that contributed to The Great Dying

1520s

Rice in the Columbian Exhange

Vy Nguyen & Yilan Cheng - AP World

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