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1558-1603
English history marked by the reign of Queen Elizabeth I
revival
classical ideals, international expansion, and naval triumph over Spain
Historians
golden age of England’s History
economic, cultural and social development
THEATER William Shakespeare
exploration and expansion abroad and consolidation of the Protestant reform
England constituted a separate kingdom, before the Royal union with Scotland.
Elizabethan era
between the English Reformation and the religious battles between Protestants and Catholics
political between Parliament and the monarchy
Great rival was Spain
Anglo-Spanish war
1585-1604
invade England with the Spanish
Drake-Norris expedition
1588
1589
was defeated
English commercial and territorial expansion
Treaty of London
During this period centralized, well-organized and effective government
Henry VII and Henry VIII
transatlantic trade
the theft of Spanish treasure by piracy
the trafficking of African slaves
the consolidation of Anglicanism
the religious policy of Queen Elizabeth I
Poetry
during the reign of Queen Elizabeth
characteristics
(1558-1603)
many variations of the theme
Elizabethan literature
was considered one of the golden ages in English literature.
the queen encouraged and promoted great works
"a midsummer night's dream" of Shakespeare
metaphysical
cavalier
2 types of poetry
-focused on a fancy lifestyle
-to entertain rather than instruct
-favorite topic is love
-erotic in nature
-intellectual, analytical, psychological and bold
-absorbed in thoughts of death, physical love and religious devotion
-realistic imagery
themes
main theme: pleasure
carpe diem ( seize the day )
main themes: spirituality and religion
life's complexities
were still presented in open air theaters or other times presented at court
actors traveled from town to town in a cart for audience
the theater was a dirty place
acting was not a respected profession
woman were not permitted to act until after 1660
open air theaters:
-polygonal shape
-the audience stood around the stage in the yard
-natural light, they were not covered
two types of theaters
teenage boys would play the role of women
indoor halls:
-rectangular shape
-lit by candles and torches
-more expensive in the front seats and
less expensive in the rear seats
-plays and sonnets
-his plays composed using blank verse famous plays
-hamlet, romeo and Juliet, and Henry v
-writes to explain the passion and reality of true love
-William Shakespeare
-Christopher Marlowe
-English dramatist
-poet and translator of the Elizabethan era
-he wrote using satire, love poetry, sexuality, religion, death...
-irregular meters
-unusual language
-religious poetry
-George Herbert
The society marked by an individualization, emanated from philosophical effusions about man
weak small population quite poor, obscured and little known abroad
Italians and French
considered as semi-barbarians as the language almost nobody knew him abroad.
society were bloodthirsty and full of drunkenness
assumption deaths by different social classes
collective experience and historical awareness
Popular drama
Rencentist humanism
novel themes, forms and structure
Elizabeth made it compulsory to attend Protestant church services
Puritans believed that was not Protestant enough
Puritans hated theater
Discontent abolish all religious symbols from the
Parliament defeated their bill, and frustrations quickly grew
Elizabeth gave some ground to Puritan demands
maintain the original terms she established for the
of England back in 1559
reign of King James I
Puritanism
Kenneth Branagh
Director
-The cast is superb
-The actors don't simply recite lines; they discover the meaning of Shakespeare's words as they speak them.
- Most versions of Hamlet are heavily edited, and this is a chance to see the entire play in all its glorious complexity.
-So at four hours, this longest of all of cinema's Hamlets is not for everyone but for those who love their Shakespeare, it's an essential watch.
-4 oscars Oscar for Best Adapted Screenplay
Oscar for Best Costume
Look for the best artistic need
Oscar for best modifiable dramatic soundtrack
Denmark
King Mufasa
King hamlet
Main characters are princes/Both fathers reappear as ghosts
Both have shady uncles.
One love interest.
Sent into exile.
Scar
Claudius
Simba + Nala
Ophelia + hamlet
“Throne of Blood” (1957)
Based On: “Macbeth”
“Forbidden Planet” (1956)
Based On: “The Tempest”
THEATRE
10 Things I Hate About You” (1999)
Based On: “The Taming of the Shrew”
“My Own Private Idaho” (1991)
Based On: “Henry IV”
THEATRE
SONNET 66
Tired with all these, for restful death I cry,
As to behold desert a beggar born,
And needy nothing trimm'd in jollity,
And purest faith unhappily forsworn,
And gilded honour shamefully misplaced,
And maiden virtue rudely strumpeted,
And right perfection wrongfully disgraced,
And strength by limping sway disabled
And art made tongue-tied by authority,
And folly, doctor-like, controlling skill,
And simple truth miscalled simplicity,
And captive good attending captain ill:
Tired with all these, from these would I be gone,
Save that, to die, I leave my love alone.
The theme of the sonnet is related to death. It has part of drama and love.