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ALICE LHC Detector

Presented by Keshav Vedula

Overview

A Large Ion Collider Experiment

Purpose

Specifics

Overview

  • Size: 26 m long, 16 m high, and 16 m wide
  • Located in a vast cavern 56 m below ground close to the village of St Genis-Pouilly in France,
  • Involves 1000 scientists from over 100 physics institutes in 36 countries
  • Costed just under 1 Billion Euros
  • 30,000 Amps of current
  • Designed to study heavy-ion (Pb-Pb nuclei) collisions
  • Quark-gluon plasma is expected to result from the temperature and energy density - QCD
  • a state of matter where quarks and gluons are freed
  • Insight into Big Bang, at trillionths of a second after "the beginning" before hadrons formed

Site

Site

History

History

2014

2010

2000

Design and R&D

1993

Upgrade

Construction begins

Operation begins

Idea submitted

How it works...

ALICE

How it works...

  • Pb nuclei collisions from LHC, (82)
  • 2.76 TeV per nucleon pair
  • 10,000 times as hot as the center of the sun
  • Ultrarelativistic - phase transition
  • droplet of primordial matter
  • QGP instantly cools, and the individual quarks and gluons (collectively called partons) recombine
  • The debris contains particles such as pions and kaons, which are made of a quark and an antiquark
  • protons and neutrons, made of three quarks; and even copious antiprotons and antineutrons, which may combine to form the nuclei of antiatoms as heavy as helium
  • Distribution Analysis

CERN Detectors

  • Accelerate particles in LHC
  • Facilitate Collision
  • Tracking devices
  • record tiny electrical signals that particles trigger as they move through the device
  • Muon filter
  • Calorimeters
  • absorb particles and measure energy transfer
  • electromagnetic - measures electrons and photons as they interact with the charged particles
  • Identification
  • Cherenkov radiation - measure angle

Detector Physics

Detector Physics

  • Barrel Tracking System
  • The Inner Tracking System(ITS) (consisting of three layers of detectors: Silicon Pixel Detector(SPD), Silicon Drift Detector(SDD), Silicon Strip Detector(SSD)), the Time Projection Chamber(TPC) and the Transition Radiation Detector(TRD)
  • Inner Track System
  • consists of six cylindrical layers of silicon detectors
  • measures the properties of the particles emerging from the collisions, at interaction point - uses magnetic and electric fields
  • Time Projection Chamber
  • Gas chamber, charged particles crossing the gas of the TPC ionize the gas atoms along their path, liberating electrons that drift towards the end plates of the detector
  • Bethe-Bloch formula* - average energy loss of charged particles through inelastic Coulomb collisions with the atomic electrons of the medium
  • Transition Radiation Detector
  • detects electrons and positrons using the fact that transition raditation (X-rays) are emitted when they pass through many layers of thin materials

Particle Identification

Particle Identification

Time of Flight (TOF)

TOF measurements yield the velocity of a charged particle by measuring the flight time over a given distance along the track trajectory

High Momentum Particle Identification Detector (HMPID)

Cherenkov radiation detector - propagates with a characteristic angle with respect to the particle track; radiator in which Cherenkov radiation is produced and a photon detector. Ring imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detectors enable a measurement of the Cherenkov angle and thus the particle velocity.

Future

2018

2014

2013

2012

Future

LS2: Upgrade silicon tracker and TPC

TIMELINE

LS1 - Uprgrade TRD

First QGP detection

(5.5 Trillion K)

Surprise: P-Pb collisions - double ridge structure

Works Cited

Works Cited

https://home.cern/about/how-detector-works

http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/Public/Welcome.html

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875389212016768

http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ITS/sites/aliceinfo.cern.ch.ITS/files/documents/tipp2011_alice_upgrade.pdf

http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/Public/en/Chapter2/Chap2_TOF.html

Thank you for your attention!

Thank you for your attention!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWBWzIUCNpw

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