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Studying and working in a globalized world
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STUDYING AND WORKING IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD
Structure
Structure
- MOOCs
- The world of work map
- Teenagers' career aspirations
- Night workers
- The future of work
- Studying abroad
MOOCs
- Massive open online course
- Western-standard educational recources
- via internet
MOOCs
Benefits
Benefits
- Western-standard education for developing countries
- Ivy league universities
-> everyone can go to e.g. Harvard or Yale without living there
Disadvantages
- competition for local universities
- local universities can't develop with MOOCs
Disadvantages
The world of work map
The world of work map
Shell model of the professional ability to perform: key competences & skills
Key qualifications & soft skills
Teenagers' career aspirations
– consequences of the massive mismatch of teenagers´ expectations and job reality –
Teenagers' career aspirations
- teenager have a weak understanding of the jobs available on the job market
- aiming for jobs that are in short supply
- making decisions about qualifications & subjects with little awareness of the job market –> long-term problems
- difficult to catch up with missing qualifications in later years ->employers struggle to find suitably skilled staff
- career aspirations are influenced by role models (e.g. teacher, police, law
–> main message: teenagers need to be more informed & career education services need to be improved
Night workers from Helen Dunmore
Night workers
All you who are awake in the dark of the night,
all you companions of the one lit window
in the knuckled-down row of sleeping houses,
all you who think nothing of the midnight hour
but by three or four have done your work
and are on the way home, stopping
at traffic lights, even though there is no one
but you in either direction. How different the dark is
when day is coming; you know all this.
All you who have kept awake through the dark of the night
and now go homeward; you, charged with the hospital's
vending-machine coffee; you working all night at Tesco,
you cleaners and night-club toilet attendants,
all you wearily waiting for buses
driven by more of you, men who paint lines
in the quiet of night, women with babies
roused out of their sleep so often
they've given up and stand by their windows
watching the fog of pure neon
weaken at the rainy dawn's coming.
Short analysis
Understanding
- Content: people having their shifts at night returning home, seeing other nightworkers, mothers who are not able to sleep
- People addressed: bus- & taxidrivers, nurses & emergency doctors, mothers, road-workers, packaging
- Speaker´s way of sympathizing: show way home (l.7); pity/thankfulness (l.16); "charged" (l.11); direct address "you" (ll.1 ff.); "all you" (l.4) –> numbers of people; "wearily" (l.14)
Three myths about future work
(and why they are untrue),
Daniel Susskind
“Automation anxiety has been spreading lately, a fear that in the future, many jobs will be performed by machines rather than human beings, given the remarkable advances that are unfolding in artificial intelligence and robotics.”
–> a significant change will come but it is unclear how this change will look like
The future of work
- Machines displace humans from particular tasks, but they do not replace them
- complementing peoples´work more valuable and more important
- make humans more efficient or productive
- “Technological progress doesn’t just complement human beings directly. It also complements them indirectly, and it does this in two ways. The first is if we think of the economy as a pie, technological progress makes the pie bigger. As productivity increases, incomes rise and demand grows. But technological progress doesn’t just make the pie bigger. It also changes the ingredients in the pie. As time passes, people spend their income in different ways, changing how they spread it across existing goods and developing tastes for entirely new goods, too. New industries are created, new tasks have to be performed and that often means new roles have to be filled,” –> two forces at a play: machine substitution harms workers; complementarities do the opposite
The terminator myth
Intelligence myth
- the belief that machines have to copy the way that human beings think and reason to outperform them
- if human beings can't explain themselves, the tasks are called non-routine, and they're thought to be out reach –> Advances in processing power, in data storage capability and in algorithm design enable the automation
- BUT: there is no reason to think that machines will be able to overtake all tasks humans are capable to do
- "It's right to think that technological progress makes the lump of work to be done bigger. Some tasks become more valuable. New tasks have to be done. But it's wrong to think that necessarily, human beings will be best placed to perform those tasks"
- "Technological progress, rather than complement human beings, complements machines instead"
Superiority myth
Task
Task
Read the following text. Point out the most important aspects and evaluate whether Susskind´s or Ma´s visions of the future of work are more reliable.
(https://thepitcher.org/technology-will-never-replace-humans-two-outtakes-jack-mas-computing-conference-2017-speech/)
Studying abroad
Benefits
Benefits
- UK degrees are highly valued worldwide
- access to practical work placements (volunteering opportunities & internships and university societies)
- improving language skills
- UK universities are strongly featured in world rankings
- government-approved education quality -> qualification has credibility overseas
- integrating technology in learning
- different teaching methods:
- problem-based learning
- theory-based learning
- gain ability to interrogate issues, think critically & be flexible
- subject-variety
- getting to know the UK's attractions (history, culture, countryside, art etc.
- meeting new cultures
- meeting new friends
- widen horizons
Scholarships & financial support
- course fees depend on the student's location (EU, EEA, others), places to study, study level, individual fees for students from outside the EU
- financial support: hundreds of scholarships, bursaries, grant schemes; loans (financial support from government); postgraduate studentships; Institutions offer financial assistence
- science and research funding: help finding placements, support researchers in UK and overseas, grant partnerships and other funding opportunities
- global scholarships: need to provide the scholarship program criteria; postgraduate scholarships from UK aim at students with potential as future leaders; Commonwealth scholarships support individuals who contribute to the developement of their home countries
Scholarships & financial support
Health and Safety
Health and Safety
Health
- UK's national health service (NHS) is one of world's best healthcare systems
- safe and modern treatment
- no private medical insurance necessary
- cost of access: 150£ (paid during visa application)
Safety
- UK: low crime rates, trustworthy police force
- strict laws on gun ownership
- universities often have own security services who patrol campus
Welfare
- contact persons:
- tutors
- student welfare officer or international student officer
- student union
Language requirements
Language requirements
TOEFL (Test of English as a foreign language):
- measures ability to use and unterstand English at university-level
- evaluates how well reading, listeing, speaking and writing skills are combined
- most preferred test by universities
- more than 35 million people already took the test
- over 50 test dates per year, possible to retake
IELTS (International English Testing System):
- accepted by 10.000 institutions
- accepts all standard varieties of English (British, North-American, Australian)
- more than 1.200 locations worldwide
- 48 test dates per year
- IELTS Academic: suitable for entry to study undergraduate or postgraduate levels; professional regristration purposes
- IELTS General Training: training/studying at below degree level; for people wishing to migrate to Canada, New Zealand, Australia, UK
Thank you for your attention!