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Prussia & The Hohenzollern

1871

1618

1740

1410

1800

1190

1346

1862

1226

1500

1525

1795

A Cristian order known as the Teutonic Order, consisting of german cruzaders, was formed douring the Third Cruzade (1190), they started in Acre's ports, moving to Transilvania, Hungary and lastly to Poland, near the baltic coast.

They clearly traveled were fortune could be won, and they found the baltic coast, a territory without a clearly formed state and in actual cristianization, an opportunity.

The Teutonic Order

With the permission of the Holy Roman Emperor (The baltic/northern cruzades) they started to take over the local prussians, and after some decades of siege in 1226 they formed the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights.

A decade later the Livonian brothers of the sword, which had conquered the territory of actual letonia and estonia, bacame part of the Teutons, and an autonomus part of them.

Some baltic groups form their own kingdom, the dutch of LIthuania, and soon rivarly between them and the Teutons start.

They both progressivly expand and in 1346 Denmark sells its territory gained on the baltic/northern cruzades to the Teutons.

Lithuania, knowing the growing threat of the Teutons, enters in dinastic union with Poland, and a long lasting seies of conflicts start between them and the Teutons.

The Mosnastic Stste of The Teutonic Knights

In the battle of Grunwald the Teutons were defeated and their decline started.

Some decades later, the therteen years war took place (1454 - 1466) in wich Poland with the help of some prusians that opposed the Teutons tirany managed to take west Prussia, becoming Royal Prussia and a Semi-Autonomus state.

The Treaty of Kraców was signed in 1525, which put an end to coflicts between Prusia and Poland, by wich Albert Hohenzollern I accepts the secession of Western Poland, the resignation of the Teutonic order to become Dutch of the Duthy of Prussia a vassal of Poland.

Albert Hohenzollern I made Prussia the first protestant state.

The Hohenzollern dinasty already rulled over the Mangraviate of Brandenburg. Some decades later the grandson of Albert I, son of Albert Federick, Anna of Prussia married her cousine, Jhon Sigismundo I, Elector of Brandenburg.

The Dutch of Prussia

At the death of Albert Federick Hohenzollern, Jhon Sigismund I becomes the dutch of the union of Brandenburg-Prussia. These union coincided with the 30 years war, in wich Pruccia, having a prepared army opted to join the Protestant side. At the victory of their side, Brandenburg-Prussia gains the territories of eastern Pomerania and more autonomy.

Under the administration of Federico Guillermo I Prusia allied to Sweden on the conflict known as the Second Northern War, at the victory of their side over Poland Prussia consolidated its soveriegnity over Poland.

Brandemburg-Prussia

Federick I gained permision of the Holy Roman Emperor to become a king, making BRandenburg-Prussia, the new kingdom of Prussia.

Federico Guillermo II established a policy in wich 1 of every 10 men must be part of the army, increasing its numbers up to 83,000 men, he also made Prussia a totalitary monarchy. The "Soldier King" welcomed new immigrants, even constructing schools and hospitals to welcome his new people, these ans other strategies led to Prussia having a great economical and militar growth.

Kingdom of Prussia

Federico II The Great

Federico II (The Great) got to power in 1740, he inmediatly acted by winning rich in minerals land by the Silecian Wars, he made Maria Teresa of Austria proclamate Prussian soverignity over Silecia.

He later allied with England on the 7 years war.

Then he made a pact of no agression with Russia and Austria, for later invading Poland all together, getting on the first partition of poland (1772) the long wanted territorial continuity.

Prussia managed to on later partitions of Poland, to get more territory (1793 & 1795)

With the rise of Napoleon into power the Napoleonic Wars start, and Prussia suffers a devastating loss at the battle of Jena-Audstedt, which represented the French occupation of much of their territory, and the creation of the Dutchy of Warsaw. Prussia was forced to sign a truce with France.

With the failure of Napoleon in Russia a sixth cualision is formed and Napoleon is exiled, he later returns for the 100 days war in wich Prussia plays an important role in the Waterloo Battle, in which Napoleon is finally defeated.

The Napoleonic Era

In addition of reaffirming the soverignity over the lost states, the Holy Roman Empire is dissolved, which lefts behind some germanic states, later incorporated to Prussia.

Some decades later the Germanic Confederation is formed, consisting on 39 germanic states, leaded by Austria, which Prussia wanted to replace.

The XIX century was of great inestability for the Germanic Confederation, by the rising tensions between Austria and Prussia, the discontent of the worker class, and the dispute between liberals and conservatives.

Otto Von Bismarck & The N. Germanic Conf.

With the protess of 1848 and consecuent ones Prussia agreed on making its own constitution.

By 1862 Otto Von Bismark is chosen as Prime MInister by king William I. He is considered to be one of the most influential liders on history thanks to his determination making Prussia a progressively increasing superpower.

Otto Von Bismark

He had in mind something great, the Germanic Unification, and the three staps begin:

The war of the dutches (Prussia & Austria) with Denmark, wich granted the mentioned territory.

The Austro-Prussian war, in wich Prussia with the help of Italy (in exchange of helping it with its unification process against Austria) and some germanic states beat Austria, excluding Warsaw from the Germanic Uniffication process, and gain new territory.

He then stablishes the Northern Germanic Confederation.

Northern Germanic Confederation

The last step for the Germanic Uniffication are the Franco-Prussian wars due to thr rising tensions . Bismarc was able to get help from the independant german states at the south and by exalting nationalism he was able to get a a decesive victory over france, it ended in the declaration of the second Reich or German Empire at the Palace of Versailles.

The Legacy of Prussia

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