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Prince Edward Island
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Prince Edward Island
Map of Canada
Flag of Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island's flag is modeled after the coat of arms and is bordered on three sides by bands of red and white. The English heraldic lion is also used on the Coat of Arms of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, and of King Edward VII. The large Oak Tree represents Great Britain, and the smaller ones represent the three counties of PEI.
History of Prince Edward Island
- PEI was known to its earliest settlers, the Mi’kmaq as Abegweit, meaning "cradle in the waves,” and was described by Jacques Cartier in 1534 as "the fairest land that may possibly be seen."
- The first inhabitants of PEI were ancestors of the Mi’kmaq. There is evidence they occupied sites on PEI as many as 10,000 years ago by crossing the low plain now covered by Northumberland Strait.
- Occupation since that time has most likely been continuous, although there are some indications that there may have been seasonal migrations to hunt and fish on the Island as well.
- The Mi’kmaq have inhabited the area for the last 2,000 years.
History Continued...
- The first European to record seeing the Island was Jacques Cartier, who landed at several spots on the north shore during his explorations of the gulf in the summer of 1534.
- The Island was first colonized by the French. They called it 'Île Saint-Jean'.
- The British expelled the French from the Island in the mid-1700s and renamed it 'St. John's Island'. In 1799 the Island was renamed again to 'Prince Edward Island', in honour of Queen Victoria's father, Edward.
General Information
- Prince Edward Island is Canada's smallest province, making up just 0.1 per cent of Canada’s total land area.
- Charlottetown is the capital of Prince Edward Island. In 2016 it had a population of 36,094.
- The island was named Prince Edward in 1799 in honour of Queen Victoria’s father – Edward, Duke of Kent.
- The population of Prince Edward Island is approximately 159,625 in 2020. About 46% of the population lives in a city or town; the rest of the population lives in a rural setting.
Why is the Soil Red?
- The Charlottetown soil is the main soil of Prince Edward Island, accounting for roughly 470,000 acres of land. ... The redness of the soil is due to the high iron-oxide (rust) content.
Canada Was Born Here:
- The Charlottetown Conference of 1864, the first in a series of meetings leading to Confederation, was held in the colony.
- The meeting was called to discuss maritime union, but when visiting representatives from Canada began to promote a larger union, the original proposal failed to capture the imagination of Islanders.
Continued...
- When the other British North American colonies joined the new federation in 1867, few people in PEI regretted not being part of the union.
- The reluctance of the Islanders, however, could not last for long. A massive debt incurred by the Islanders in building a railway running from one end of the colony to the other, combined with pressures from the British government and Canadian promises, pushed the Island into Confederation in 1873.
The Confederation Bridge
- The Confederation Bridge is the longest bridge in the world crossing ice-covered water.
- The toll bridge spans a 12.9 km stretch of the Northumberland Strait connecting Borden-Carleton, Prince Edward Island, to Cape Jourimain, New Brunswick. Although the bridge would provide a faster and more reliable link to the mainland, the decision to proceed sparked heated debate on the Island.
- The $840-million bridge opened on 31 May 1997.
Island Nature and Fauna:
- No matter where you go in Prince Edward Island, nature is always close. With vast forests, a variety of wildlife, and over 1,300 different types of plants, the Island’s natural landscape is full of beautiful diversity. It is an ideal place for hiking, fishing and birdwatching.
- Animals that inhabit Prince Edward Island include:
Anne of Green Gables
- One of the biggest, most internationally known pieces of Prince Edward Island culture is the series of books written at the turn of the century in the early 1900s known as Anne of Green Gables.
- These books were written by Lucy Maud Montgomery, and are based on a real place on Prince Edward Island. Green Gables is a beautiful house that people can visit today.
- Much has been made of this series. Prince Edward Island citizens put on a play of the story every year simply called Anne of Green Gables. The sequel, Anne and Gilbert, is also put on. This is a big piece of Prince Edward Island culture, celebrated in festivals and included in tours.
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