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Exogenic and Endogenic Processes

Endogenic

Exogenic Processes

Exogenic

Exogenic is a process that takes place at/or near the earth's surface.

They are related to:

-Atmosphere

-Hydrosphere

-Biosphere

Types of Exogenic Processes

-Weathering

-Mass Wasting

-Soil Erosion

Weathering

-Physical Weathering

-Chemical Weathering

-Biotic Weathering

Weathering

Refers to the combined action of an processes that cause a rock to disintegrate physically and decompose chemically because of exposure near the earth's surface.

Physical Weathering

Happens when the rocks are broken up without a chance in chemical composition.

Examples:

-Block Disintegration

-Exfoliation

-Frost Weathering

Block Disintegration

Is the breakdown of rock due to change in temperature which causes strain and stress on the rock surface joints which causes rock masses to break into small blocks.

Exfoliation

Stripping of outer layer

of rocks due to intense heat.

Frost Action

The weathering process caused by cycles of freezing and thawing of water in surface pores , cracks and other openings.

Chemical Weathering

Is a process by which rocks are broken down by chemical reactions, meaning there is chemical change forming a new substance

Four Processes

1. Oxidation

2. Carbonation

3. Hydration

4. Solution

OXIDATION

Process by which oxygen reacts with rocks and changes its chemical composition.

CARBONATION

Carbonation takes place when the rocks and minerals reacts with weak carbonic formed when water combines with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

HYDRATION

The chemical reactions caused by water

SOLUTION

It is the process by which the rocks are dissolved when exposed to rain water.

Biotic Weathering

It is the disintegration of rocks caused by living organisms.

Causes of Biotic Weathering

-Plants

-Animals

-Humans

Mass Weathering

Down slope movement of rocks,regolith, and soil because of gravity.

Types of Motion in Mass Wasting

Fall- Free fall movement of pieces of rocks.

Slides- Rocks remains fairly concrete and more along a well-defined surface.

Flow- Rock materials are saturated with water and move down slope as a fluid.

Soil Erosion

The disintegration of rocks into particles due to natural agencies.

Wind Erosion

When winds carry a large amount of soil and sand away from region.

Sheet Erosion

Removal of thin layers of soil due to surface runoff.

Rill Erosion

Removal of soil by the action of concentrated running water.

Gully Erosion

Removal of soil in water channels and drainage lines.

Endogenic

A Process occurring beneath the earth's surface.

Types of Endogenic Processes

Faulting

-Results of the fracture of displacement of rocks layers.

Folding

-occur when rocks are subjected to tectonic forces.

Types of Faulting:

-Tear Fault

-Strike Slip

-Normal Fault

-Reverse Fault

Subsequent Processes

Volcanism

The eruption if molten rock called magma.

Metamorphism

Occurs when there is pressure and heat applied to geologic structure.

Earthquakes

A sudden shaking or vibration on the earth's surface.

MEMBERS

Group 4 (11-Ruby)

Umayam, Nicole Anne

Manalastas, Charlotte

Jadulan, Erica

Fernandes, Lyn

Sagun, Jaerim Kurt

Gutierrez, Peter

Gaston, Von Jardine

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