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Adlerian Theory
383
Adlerian
Theory
Created by Sara King
for Angelo State University
Meet Alfred Adler
Meet
Alfred Adler
As the founder of Adlerian theory, Alfred Adler's work focused on community health, mental health disorder prevention, and whole population well-being.
While striving to make a positive impact on society, Adler valued equality and mutual respect above all.
He pioneered family and group counseling and was one of the first therapists to enter public schools to educate the masses about mental health.
(Adler University, 2018)
His Life
- Born in Austria on February 7, 1870, Adler graduated from medical school and pursued a career as an opthamologist.
- Adler entered Sigmund Freud's circle in 1907, kicking off the psychoanalytic movement.
- He eventually separated himself from Freud due to differing psychological beliefs. Adler believed a patient's social domain carried significant weight in their therapeutic experience.
- Adler extensively studied the effect of birth order on a person's life.
- Adler served as a doctor in World War I and established clinics across Austria.
- In 1937, Adler died of a heart attack while on a lecture tour in Scotland.
(Adler University, 2018)
His Impact
- Alfred Adler sought to create a psychological theory where external stimuli and internal stimuli were equally valued creating a whole-person view of the patient.
- Sessions with patients focused on occupation, society, and love; believing these three life tasks, when healthy, would influence each other.
- Adler was a proponent of social interest, or concern for the well-being of others, and worked within communities to build a society based on understanding and compassion for each other's differences.
(Adler University, 2018)
Birth Order
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Birth
Order
(Whitbourne, 2013)
Tenets and Techniques
Tenets and Techniques
Alfred Adler's approach to individual psychology focused on the patient's harmful self-talk and constant comparison to others through feelings of inferiority. Through therapy, Adler attempted to replace clients' negative self-talk with positive self-talk to encourage them to connect with others, forming cooperative relationships.
(Adler Graduate School, 2017)
Tenets
Tenets
- Unity of the individual
- Goal orientation
- Self-determination and uniqueness
- Social context
- Feeling of community
- Mental health
- Treatment
(Adler Graduate School, 2017)
Techniques
Techniques
- Encouragement
- The Question - How would your life be different...?
- Hypothesis interpretation -multiple explanations for behavior
- Push button - serves to interrupt depression
- Catching oneself - behavior recognition
- Spitting in the soup - cost to benefit analysis of behavior
- Acting "as if" - role play
- Reflecting "as if" - reflecting upon role play
(Watts, 2014)
Application
Application
- Adlerian therapy is a successful treatment for all types of psychological disorders and mental illnesses.
- It can be paired with multiple therapeutic counseling approaches.
- It can be implemeted with all ages, individuals, couples, or groups.
(Carlson, Watts & Maniacci, 2006)
References
References
Adler Graduate School. (2017). Alfred Adler: Theory and application. Retrieved from www.alfredadler.edu/about/alfred-adler-theory-application
Adler University. (2018). About Alfred Adler. Retrieved from https://www.adler.edu/page/about/history/about-alfred-adler
Carlson, J., Watts, R.E., & Maniacci, M. (2006). Adlerian therapy: Theory and practice. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from www.psycnet.apa.or/record/2005-11931-000
Watts, R. (2014). Being a therapeutic chameleon: An encouragement-focused perspective. Retrieved from www.alfredadler.edu/sites/default/files/Therapeutic%20Chameleon-EFC-SLIDES.pdf
Whitbourne, S. (2013). Birth order. Crowe Associates, Ltd. Retrieved from https://www.crowe-associates.co.uk/psychotherapy/birth-order