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By: Reva. K
Here's a brief summary of the actions that take place in both works.
Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, returns home from school for his father, King Hamlet's death. Upon returning home he sees his mother, Queen Gertrude, married to his uncle, King Hamlet's brother, Claudius who now has the throne. Shortly after, the ghost of his late father appears and reveals that Claudius poisoned him in the ear. Hamlet vows to avenge his death.
Hamlet then decides to uncover the truth for himself so he mistreats his lover Ophelia to deflect Claudius' suspicion. Ultimately, this appears to make him seem crazy in the eyes of all.
He later convinces an acting troupe to perform a play known as the Murder of Gonzago, to reenact King Hamlet's death in hopes to see Claudius' reaction. Following his suspicious reaction, Hamlet becomes sure that the ghost is telling the truth. Enraged, he accidentally kills Polonius, Ophelia's father assuming it is Claudius. Soon after Ophelia's suicide is learned of.
Claudius then sets a duel between Laertes, Ophelia's brother, and Hamlet. During which Gertrude drinks out of a poisoned cup that was intended for Hamlet. Laertes and Hamlet wound each other with a poisoned dagger, and in his final moments, Hamlet kills Claudius, ultimately avenging his father's murder.
Haider, a young man returns home from his studies abroad to learn of his father, Hilaal Meer's disappearance. Upon arrival he witnesses his mother, Ghazala, singing and laughing alongside his uncle, his father's brother, Khurram. Confused of her actions he leaves with his childhood sweetheart, Arshia, in search for his father all across town. Haider soon meets Roohdaar, his father's messenger, who tells him of his time spent in jail with Hilaal and how his uncle, with the help of Arshia's father, Parvez, are responsible for his father's death. Roohdaar conveys his father's message to take revenge for Khurram's betrayal.
Upon learning of Hilaal's death, Ghazala and Khurram agree to marriage. Haider decides to leave town to train for avenging his father's death but decides to meet his mother alone before leaving. In this meeting, Haider accidentally kills Parvez which causes Arshia to commit suicide.
At Arshia's funeral, Haider is confronted by Liyaqat, her brother and they begin fighting, which results in Liyaqat's death. A fight between Khurram and Haider takes place which is quieted with Ghazala's suicide vest. She pulls it's strings, which results in an explosion that kills her, Khurram's men and leaves Khurram unable to move. Haider ignores Khurrams plead to end him and walks away.
What to expect?
Through this presentation, the similarities and differences between the online media adaptation "Haider" and Shakespeare's play Hamlet is hoped to discussed. Significant changes in the characters, setting and the most prominent theme is going to be addressed to understand the individual complexity of each work. All in all, insight is hoped to be spread on Hamlet and its underlying message.
Character: Hamlet
Position: Prince of Denmark
Characterization:
Hamlet is described as a white, upper class English boy who is a university student. He is seen to be very philosophical and contemplative. This is seen through his questioning nature of difficult concepts such as afterlife throughout the play. His contemplative side is seen as he becomes obsessed with proving his uncle's guilt before acting to kill him. However, he is also seen to be an irrational and impulsive character. This can clearly be seen through the death of Polonius, as he stabs him through the curtain without even checking to see who it is. His open and honest attitude is also evident through the manner in which he admits Laertes is better than him during the fencing duel. He does not hesitate to express his faults and lacking ability in the sport.
He is also seen to be melancholic as he oftentimes describes his his discontentment with Denmark, his life, and his family. This is clearly seen through the way he dresses with "solemn black", and the manner in which he expresses himself. This can be seen in Act 3 during his "To be or not to be" soliloquy in which he explains his desire to die. Through this, his dissatisfaction with life is clearly emphasized
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Hamlet is also seen to have a witty sense of humour and this can clearly be seen in Act 5 during the graveyard scene as he uses sarcasm to discuss life and afterlife with the gravedigger.
Hamlet is also seen to be misogynistic as in times of difficulty he expresses him opinion on women and openly degrades them. This is seen in Act 3 during his discussion with Ophelia, the alleged love of his life, as he talks lowly about women and their impurity. Through this his false perception on love is also seen as he is so easily able to give up his "love" for Ophelia and instead show her hatred. Had his idea of love been real, he would not be able to act in the cruel manner he did towards Ophelia.
Nonetheless, his most closest bond is seen to be with his mother, Gertrude and can clearly be seen through their private conversations in which he describes his negative opinion on her marriage and he lack of mourning of her late husband. His once close bond was also seen through Claudius' attempt to get insight on the reasoning behind his insanity through an emotional conversation with Gertrude. His belief that Hamlet would open up to her reveals Hamlet's respect and closeness towards his mother. All in all, we learn that Hamlet is a character with several traits and is probably one of the most complex characters of all.
Character: Haider Meer
Position: Son of a well known doctor
Characterization:
Haider Meer is a middle class Muslim boy, living in Srinagar, a city in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. He is a university student at Aligarh Muslim University which is found is a faraway city. Haider is seen to be 5 feet, bearded, dark hair and is typically dressed in loose clothes of neutral colours. Haider is seen to be a complex character with several layers in a similar manner to Hamlet. He is philosophical and contemplative as well and can be seen through his chosen major at university, The Evolutionary Reprisals of British India. Furthermore, this can be seen through the difficult questions he oftentimes gives rise to regarding birth, life and afterlife throughout the movie.
His contemplative attitude is seen through the way in which he does not believe the news of his father death and has a difficult time deciding who is telling the truth on is father's death, his uncle or Roohdaar. This is also made obvious in the final scenes of the movie when he is given all the time and ability to kill his uncle but is unable to decide whether or not he should kill him. Thoughts come flooding to his mind regarding different morals and beliefs he has heard over his life and ultimately despite being so focused on revenge for his father's death, spares his uncles life.
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Haider is also seen to be obedient as his childhood is shown and the audience learns of his tendency to ask permission before taking money, cleaning his father shoes before work everyday, etc. Additionally, his witty humour is seen as he makes jokes sarcastically with gravediggers upon his visit to the cemetery. The gravediggers and him jokingly discuss the meaning of life and the significance of skulls always being seen in a smiling manner. His sense of humour is also made evident through his conversations with his former classmates, as they are seen joking around on the topic of "chutzpa" and its meaning.
However, unlike Hamlet, Haider is seen to respect women and think of them as equal to men. This is seen through his relationship with Arshia, the love of his life. In times of pain, he discusses his deepest emotions and thoughts with her and talks about her with respect portraying his positive mentality on women. This also shows his perspective on love and how it is a genuine emotion for him which allows him to trust individuals.
Like Hamlet, Haider is seen to be dissatisfied with his life and family and this is seen through his collection of a gun as a child. Furthermore, his relationship with his mother is emphasized through the movie as well and it becomes known that he has a great level of closeness with her. This is seen through his decision to meet he alone before he leaves to train in another country for how to avenge his father's death.
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Haider is also characterized as determined and passionate through his attempts to find his father, and prove his uncles responsibility in his murder. He travels all over his city by boat, takes part in petitions day and night, and narrates an entire dance/play on his uncles wedding day to reenact the manner in which his uncle murdered his father. These extent of actions also portray his loyalty towards his family and how he is a family oriented person.
Lastly, the characterization of his craziness is showcased as intense through his newly shaved head, his street performance where he publicly wears a rope around his neck and discusses death, and his diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder by a nearby psychiatrist. It becomes evident that Haider experiences profound distress and betrayal from his family that strips him of his sanity.
Character: Gertrude
Position: Queen of Denmark
Characterization:
Gertrude is described as a wealthy, upper class, sophisticated lady. She is seen to be an affectionate mother who cares most for the well being of her son and is seen several times throughout the play. She oftentimes asks the King to check on her son to ensure he is fine and for this reason agrees for him to hire spies to check on his behaviour. However, she is also seen as unintelligent and weak through her obliviousness to ill actions that are taken around her. She is also constantly in need for men support in her life, which showcases her inability to be an independent woman. Upon her husbands death, she is quick to agree to another marriage which further reveals this aspect of her character.
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Furthermore, Gertrude is described as a woman that is driven primarily by emotions over reflection. This is demonstrated through her death as it is a result of her emotions taking the best of her. Due to the happiness she is overcome with as a result of her sons victory in the fencing duel, she drinks from a poisoned cup despite being told not to. This shows how strong her emotions are and how they cause her to take actions without carefully analyzing the situation.
Gertrude is also shown as overall as a reflection of the male characters that surround her as she does not have her own soliloquy to express her opinion or thoughts regarding any of the events around her. She simply lives her life revolving around male authoritative figures that largely control her life depicting her powerlessness.
Character: Ghazala
Position: Wife of the local doctor
Characterization:
Ghazala is seen to be middle class, Muslim wife who resides in a home with her husband. She is seen to be an affectionate and protective mother in a similar manner to Gertrude, as she cares for her son's life and future more than anything. As a child he comes home one day with a gun due to the militants he was becoming friends with. As a result, she decides to send him abroad for further studies to ensure his future does not consist of such violence; she wants better for him. She demonstrates her strong will to provide the best for her son regardless of how crucial or complicated the situation may be.
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Moreover, she is portrayed as a independent and powerful woman as she makes many of her own decisions throughout the movie that drive the plot. When she realizes her son is in danger she calls someone that helps her travel to the location where he is being attacked. She then willingly sacrifices herself as she attaches bombs to herself to kill the men that are attacking her son. Through this it reveals how powerful she is as an individual; she is capable to end all her son's misery with her actions.
She is also seen to be a hopeful individual as she continues to show optimism when her husband is taken by the Indian army. She doesn't simply give up and assume he is dead, revealing her hopeful attitude.
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Lastly, Ghazala is seen to have an completely different attitude regarding her marriage in comparison to Gertrude. Ghazala explains that her marriage with her husband was horrible and that he never truly loved her or let her make decisions for herself, once again portraying her independence. She explains that she remained in the marriage for her son, Haider. However, she described her marriage with Haider's uncle as wonderful because he truly cared for her and let her be herself. Through this we learn more about Ghazal's power and need to be independent, and treated equally. We learn that she cannot be undermined and doesn't like being treated inferior.
Character: Claudius
Position: New King of Denmark
Characterization:
Claudius is described as an upper class, White Englishman who resides in Denmark as the new King. He is seen to value power and materialistic objects over people. This is particularly seen through the manner in which he poisons his brothers ear for the throne. Through this his lack of morals and cunning attitude is also clearly depicted. Additionally he is seen to be manipulative through his speech, as well as in his actions. He uses Laertes' grief regarding his father's death to his advantage by using convincing language to get him in a duel with Hamlet, with the intention of his death. He also manages to send Rosencrantz and Guildenstern with a letter demanding the murder of Hamlet without them knowing the details. This reveals his ability to manipulate others through the intimidation of his authority.
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Throughout the play it also becomes evident that Claudius is simply a lustful man who doesn't truly care about his wife, Gertrude. This can be seen when Hamlet meets with his mother alone and accidentally kills Polonius assuming it was Claudius. Upon learning of this news, Claudius describes how he would have been in grave danger if he was in the room at that time. He doesn't even acknowledge that Gertrude was in the room during a situation that could have seriously harmed her. As a result, we learn that his desire for power and authority overpowers real emotions for individuals.
Claudius is also shown to be extremely clever and skillful as an individual. This is seen through the precautions he takes to ensure Hamlet dies during the fencing duel between him and Laertes. He hold three precautions, a sharpened sword, poison on the blade, and poison in the cup of wine. It becomes evident that he truly is a clever, cunning and power thirsty individual.
Character: Khurram
Position: Minister of Srinagar
Characterization:
Khurram is seen to be a Muslim, middle class citizen living in Srinagar, a city in Jammu and Kashmir. He is seen to be power thirsty with selfish intentions in a similar manner to Claudius. He runs for minister with the hopes of winning so that he can attain power in his city. With this power he is able to find his brother, Hilaal in the camp of his imprisonment and then builds a terrorist group which he uses to murder Hiaal. As a result, he is able to marry his sister-in-law. This demonstrates his selfishness and lack of morals. For his personal benefit the emotions of other individuals are neglected are overlooked, even members of his own blood ultimately revealing his unsympathetic nature.
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However, in contrary to Claudius, Khurram is seen to be understanding of the concept of love. His motives behind attaining power and murdering his brother were for love as he truly valued and cared for his sister-in-law. This is seen in the final scenes of the movie when she confronts Khurram during his attack on her son Haider. She says that if he truly loves her he will allow her to talk to her son for a last time, to which he agrees.
Furthermore, in the end when she saves her son by wearing a suicide vest with grenades attached, he runs to her screaming his name in an unsuccessful attempt to stop her from pulling the string. Through this it becomes evident that his love for her is genuine and not an act. He truly respects and values her as a mother and wife. This also allows us to conclude that he has the potential to be selfless towards others.
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Moreover, Khurram shares Claudius' manipulative and cunning attitude towards others through the use of skillful language. When Haider exposes him on how he murdered and betrayed his brother Hilaal, he uses his clever manner of speech to provide Haider with a story that he claims to be the actual truth. As a result it becomes evident that he is a manipulative and clever individual who is able to use words and actions to deceive others.
Lastly, it is interesting to see how despite his character being linked to the death of many individuals, he himself does not take part in any of the violence or crimes. He is always seen to pass on the act of committing crimes to individuals that work for him, other messengers messengers, or his terrorist group. The audience never witnesses Khurram actively taking part in a crime which allows for one to conclude that he is dependent ton others and may possibly be scared of violence himself.
Character: King Hamlet
Position: The Former King of Denmark
Characterization:
Throughout the play, King Hamlet is discussed of in the past tense since the play begins in a time where he is no longer alive. As a result, King Hamlet has minimal character development because his past is only briefly discussed. However, he is described as a noble man who was loved by the citizens of Denmark. He is also seen to be a brave, courageous and strong man as he was able to kill the King of Norway, Fortinobras, in a battle. Through this it becomes evident that he is comfortable with violence and excels in the field. He is also known to be a caring husband to his wife, Gertrude. This is learned due to Hamlet's expression of feelings upon the learning of his death. Hamlet expresses how he always ensured she was happy and satisfied with her life.
Character: Hilaal Meer
Position: A common doctor in town
Characterization:
Hilaal Meer has more character development than King Hamlet as the movie does not begin with him dead, allowing for insight on his individuality. Hilaal is a middle class, educated man living in the city of Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir. He is seen to be dedicated to his line of work as regardless of his patient being a part of a major terrorist group that is forbidden to associate with, he agrees to treat them. He explains that he is simply doing his duty which further reveals his sincerity and humbleness towards all individuals. Through this we also learn that he is quite intelligent and quick-witted as he conducts an appendectomy in the basement of his home.
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Hilaal is also seen to be caring and warm-hearted through his interaction amongst other individuals such as his son, Haider. Through flashbacks we learn of his sense of humour and how he always wants the best for his son. When a random search is done of his village he says his farewell to his wife and expresses to her that they have raised Haider well and that regardless of what happens god will take care of him. Through this, we also learn that he very religious as he oftentimes mentions gods name in difficult situations showcasing his profound faith in god.
Additionally, he is seen to have a musical interest as he is always singing songs that refer to peace and the simplicities of life. When his companion in jail explains Hilaal's death to his son, Haider, he tells him that amidst the quiet jail cell Hilaal would be the only singing all night long. It becomes evident that music is a huge part of his life and it provides him relief during difficult situations.
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Lastly, through these actions his optimistic and hopeful nature is also seen. Despite being tortured consistently for simply doing his duty, he sings songs of birds being free in the sky on cold nights in jail providing hope to all his jail mates on their escape. He sings with good intentions, and with means to remind himself and others that their is good in the world and that soon they will be free.
Ultimately, with the brief time that he is present for the audience we learn of his kind hearted personality and how he is a gentleman towards all individuals. We learn that he retains good morals and treats all genders with respect. Essentially, he is seen to be a foil to the antagonist of the play.
Character: Ophelia
Position: The daughter of a man that works for the King of Denmark
Characterization:
Ophelia is described as a beautiful young woman who lives with her father, Polonius, and her brother, Laertes in Denmark. She is characterized as a woman who does not have the rights, urge, or ability to stand up for herself and be an independent woman. This is seen through the manner in which she is controlled by three men in her life: Polonius, Laertes, and Hamlet. When Polonius and Laertes tell her that her love for Hamlet is a waste of time and that he could never actually lover her, she unhesitatingly agrees and follows their orders despite her deep love for him. This demonstrates how she is powerless and merely a reflection of the men present in her life.
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Moreover, Ophelia demonstrates the gender roles present in her society as she willingly agrees to the commands that are given to her by the men in her life. This demonstrates how women are treated inferior in comparison to men. This also demonstrates her innocence and obedience as she doesn't even question why she should denounce her love for Hamlet and is not seen fighting for her love.
Through her suicide, the impact society has on her is also seen as she ultimately loses her mind due to the combination of her dead father and the cruelty of her lover. This demonstrates her naivety ad she is unable to deal with the harsh realities of her life. Instead of understanding the complexities of her life and using them to make her stronger, she loses faith, gives up and decides to kill herself. Ultimately this also reveals that she has a weak and innocent heart as she is unable to carry too much gruesome information.
Ophelia is also described as virtuous through the manner in which her brother describes her virginity and many aspects of her femininity. Nonetheless, the love she shares with Hamlet is questionable as through the manner in which Hamlet and her talk, seems most lustful than pure love.
Character: Arshia
Position: The daughter of the head of Srinagar's police department
Characterization:
Arshia is shown to be a middle class, Muslim woman who lives with her parents in the city of Srinagar. She is a well known journalist and is seen publishing several articles in the news about political affairs. Through this it becomes known that she is an educated individual who is capable of living by herself as she can financially support herself. Unlike Ophelia, she is not dependent on men for support in life.
It is also seen that Arshia is powerful and strong willed as she is seen standing up for herself and Hamlet several times in the movie. She is not blindly loyal to her father, showcasing her maturity and independence.
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When her brother forbids her from meeting Hamlet ever again she denies and leaves for her room revealing her individual strength and power. Furthermore she denies to swear on the Quraan, a religious book, revealing that she is a religious individual who believes in god. Her denial to swear on it demonstrates how she places heavy faith in religion and does not treat it as a joke.
Moreover, Ophelia is seen to be the class barrier between men and women in "Hiader' as she does many of the tasks Haider is seen doing demonstrating that mena nd women are no longer treated separate. She travels with him across town in search for her father, talks to army officers, drivers a car alone, and goes to work everyday regardless of her being told not to. These actions portray her as a superior woman who is capable of doing anything a man is.
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Through this her love for Haider is shown to be true and not a selfish act as she supports him throughout his journey and even takes him to a private location where they both relax and enjoy each others company in hopes of Haider overcoming his sadness.
However, Arshia is also seen to be oblivious and innocent in some instances such as when she tells her father that Haider has a gun. She believes that her father has good intentions and truly cares for Hider, however, he is actually planning his death. Through this it reveals to viewers that she is trusting and gullible in nature, especially towards her father.
In a similar manner to Ophelia she is weak hearted as upon learning of her fathers death and Haider's departure, she looses her mind and ultimately commits suicide. This demonstrates that she is still a fragile and delicate woman who is unable to rationally deal with heavy information.
Character: Polonius
Position: A good friend of the King of Denmark
Characterization:
Polonius is seen to be a charming, trusted, and well liked citizen of Denmark. He is portrayed as a good friend of Claudius, the King of Denmark and is oftentimes seen talking with him on crucial matters. It becomes evident that he first and foremost is a proud and concerned father. This is seen through his reluctant behaviour in sending his son, Laertes, overboard. He shows concern for his well being and safety on a foreign land. Soon after he is also seen telling Ophelia that she should avoid Hamlet as he does not want to see her hurt in the end when she finds his love for her to be fake. This demonstrates how he has good intentions and genuinely cares about both his son and daughter.
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Furthermore, his kind and warm hearted nature is learned of through his children's reaction to his murder. His daughter goes crazy and commits suicide, and he son is out for revenge. This demonstrates how they truly cared for him and respected his presence.
Additionally, Polonius is seen to have a lack of self awareness. This is seen throughout the play as comic relief as he oftentimes shows himself as less wise than he thinks. This is seen when he explains that "brevity is the soul of wit" while giving a tedious, long speech. Through this it becomes evident that he serves as amusement for the audience due to his lack of self awareness and certainty.
Lastly, he is seen as a non violent person as he never takes part in any of the deaths that are resulted in. He is seen as a noble man who respects others and doesn't pursue violence as an answer. This is seen through his death as it was simply a misunderstanding, not an act that resulted from mutual violence.
Character: Pervez
Position: Head of the Srinagar police department
Characterization:
Pervez is shown to be a more reserved character and less dominating than Polonius. He no longer hold the power and dominating authority over his daughter and son that makes them follow his instructions and concerns. He is seen to be more relaxed and easy going that Polonius as well. This is seen when his son tells his daughter to stop meeting Haider. Upon hearing her dismissing his instructions on that matter, he comments that shes a kid and will eventually understand. He says so while relaxing in a lounge chair in a monotone voice, demonstrating how easy going and reserved he is as a father. He no longer maintains his once extremely concerned attitude towards his children.
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Furthermore, Pervez is seen to e cunning and deceitful as he knows how to manipulate others for his own benefit. This is seen through the way he uses the trust his daughter places on him to his advantage of getting information on Haider's whereabouts. He makes her believe that he truly cares about him and is out for his well being, however, he uses the information he learns of to find him and murder him.
Through this it is revealed that he is selfish and relationships don't play a crucial aspect in his life. He is quick to ruin his once strong relationship with his daughter through betraying her trust.
Moreover, unlike Polonius, he is seen as a violent man as he is the head of the police department. He carries out several missions that kill thousands of men, demonstrating his incline for violence and cold hearted nature.
Character: Laertes
Position: Citizen of Denmark
Characterization:
He is the brother of Ophelia and son of Polonius who has come from France after taking some time off his studies to attend King Hamlets funeral and Claudius' coronation. Throughout the play we learn that he is a over protective brother as he insists that Ophelia stops seeing Hamlet. He explains to her that Hamlet's love for her revolves around government affairs and it may not ever be true love. Through this we learn that he has good intentions and only wants the best for his sister. We also learn that that he cares deeply for his father as upon learning of his death becomes driven for revenge on his death.This showcases his loyalty and affection towards his family.
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Furthermore, through his actions we learn that Laertes is easy to manipulate. This is seen upon the learning of his fathers accidental death as he is swayed into a fencing duel with Hamlet solely with King Claudius' words. This demonstrates how he is easily manipulated by others during times of difficulty.
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Additionally, Laertes is seen to be a forgiving and kind hearted individual. This is made clear during the final scenes of the play when Hamlet expresses his sadness towards the death of his father, Polonius, and asks for forgiveness. Laertes shows mercy and expresses gratitude for the love he is received from Hamlet. This shows how he is a kind individual with the capacity to forgive and forget.
Character: Liyaqat
Position: A commoner who works abroad
Characterization:
Liyaqat is seen to be an upper middle class individual who has come home to his family in Srinagar, but has a full time job in Banglore. He is seen to be an over protective brother in a similar manner to Laertes as he rages at Arshia upon seeing her with Haider. He explains that he is the son of a doctor who has been taken by the army force due to interaction with terrorists. He explains to her that it is unsafe for her to be with him and makes her swear upon the Quraan, a religious book, that she will not meet him ever again. Through this, it becomes evident that he deeply cares for her well being and only wants the best for her. It also becomes evident that he plays a fatherly figure in her life.
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Furthermore, it becomes known that Liyaquat is a more wealthier and intelligent individual through the manner in which he is shown working in a office building amongst other individuals in Banglore. This demonstrates that he is knowledgeable and successful in his own field.
Furthermore, he is seen to be hot tempered and subject to violence as during his sister's funeral he is unhesitant to attack Haider on sight. He doesn't stop to rationalize the situation or direct his anger in a nonviolent manner. This reveals his hot tempered attitude and tendency to incline towards violence.
Character: The Ghost of King Hamlet
Position: The dead ghost of the late King Hamlet
Characterization:
This ghost is only seen at the start of the play, which allows for only a little character development. He comes to deliver a message to Hamlet on the death of his father and how he must take revenge. We learn that he is an intimidating character who provides the citizens of Denmark, including the gatewatchers and Hamlet with fear. He serves as a warming for what is to come in the play and essentially initiates the whole plot. We also learn that he is a focused and goal orientated character as he re directs Hamlet to killing Claudius when he gets off track and accidentally murders Polonius.
Character: Roohdaar
Position: A member of a separatist group
Characterization:
Roohdaar is a member of a separatist group and was sent to a detention center where he meets Hilaal. Here they both are grouped together and tortured together for days on end. We learn that he is mysterious individual through his conversations with Hilaal. When Hilaal asks him of his name he uses several oxymorons to describe himself. He says he is rain and sun, the body and soul, light and darkness, and uses several other terms to describe himself. As a result, we learn that he is a character of depth that thinks of life in a philosophical and complex manner.
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We also learn that Roohdaar is a very religious individual who thinks of things in a saintly manner. This is seen when he describes his escape of death as a blessing from god. Additionally, this is seen when he explains to Haider that Hilaal was the body and he had become the soul. He says this when he explains that they spent day and night together sharing their deepest thoughts and memories. Overall this showcases the spiritual aspect of his personality.
Lastly, Roohdaar is seen to be dependable through his actions in the movie. Before Hilaal dies he tells Roohdaar to send a particular message to Haider on the cause of his death. Roohdaar makes sure the message is delivered, proving that he is a dependable and trustworthy character. Additionally, when Ghazala calls him for a ride to the site of attack, he shows up and takes her to the location demonstrating his ability to be relied on.
Character(s): Rosencrantz and Guildenstern
Position: Hamlet's old school mates
Characterization:
These two are described as noble Englishmen who have known Hamlet since his childhood years. They are seen to be unloyal and easily manipulated through the manner in which they betray the trust of their old friend Hamlet. With the King's simple words and authority they are convinced to spy on Hamlet for him wihtout even questioning why or standing up for their friend. this demonstartes their lack of morals and value of relationships.
Furthermore, they are seen as foolish and dull-witted through the way they unhesitatingly agree to deliver King Claudius' letter to the King of England. They don't bother to know what's in the letter or stop to question the possible danger involved with carrying such important letter. This ultimately reveals their foolishness and indiscretion.
Character: The Salman's
Position: Work for the police department under Pervez
Characterization:
These two individuals are both referred to as Salman and throughout the movie are seen imitating the accent and talking sense of the famous Bollywood actor Salman Khan. As a result, these two are seen as a form of comic relief in the movie due to their interesting sense of presenting themselves. They carry a sense of humour throughput the play that allows one to conclude that they are easy going and comical characetrs.
These two are shown to be previous classmates of Haider's and it becomes evident that the three were close to each other through their excitement to see each other. They are also seen drinking together one night where together they make jokes and talk about literature, portraying friendship and attachment to Haider.
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However, they are also seen to have lack of judgement and morals through their agreeing to spy on Haider and provide the police department with information on his actions. This demonstrates their lack of respect for relationships as they are so unhesitant to betray their close friend.
Lastly, they are seen to be unfit and nonviolent characters through their reaction to Haider discovering of their betrayal. When they are exposed by Haider they both try to escape and attempt to use a gun but are unable to do so in an effective manner. They are both clumsy and are ultimately unable to escape Haider's attack on them. As a result, these individuals die by the hands of their once close friend. Ultimately this demonstrates how they are not suited for violence and action.
Let's discuss setting
Location: Elsinore, Denmark
Time Period: The late middle ages (14th and 15th centuries)
Background:
Hamlet takes place in Elsinore, a town found on the eastern coast of Denmark. Elsinore was an important military location, and as a result the King of Denmark controlled a long, narrow stretch of the sea. The play takes place in the royal castle of Denmark which is in reality known as Frederick II's castle. As a result of being the home of the King and Queen of Denmark, Elsinore is seen as a cultural centre through the visitation of several traveling actors. The town is nearby Europe's leading university, Wittenberg, which is attended by several of the play's characters. The play takes place in a time where the King's of neighbouring cities and countries visit each other for the exchanging of diplomatic messages. This is seen through the visitation of the King of Norway, King of France, etc.
Atmosphere:
As a result, a royal and wealthy atmosphere is created that makes readers and viewers feel connected to history and tradition. When the play was acted, traditional costumes of King and Queen were worn which further allowed for a regal and fine expression of characters and society. The city isn't explicitly mentioned, however, the atmosphere of it is portrayed as crowded and busy through the manner in which travelling actors commonly visit and create a huge crowd of watchers.
Overall, the atmosphere is depicted to be of a traditional lifestyle in Europe in the 1500's which allows for the plot to be more driven.
Through learning of the time frame and background of the play Hamlet, the plot is more easily understood. The audience understands the idea of Renaissance Europe and the central problems that arise from that setting. The fight for power in terms of wanting to be King is more easily understood and explained. Which then drives the plot of Claudius murdering King Hamlet. Essentially, it is through the setting that the plays action takes it course, as without the setting the murder would not exist and as a result Hamlet would not be out for revenge. All in all, the setting plays a crucial part in plot development of the play.
Location: Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Time Period: 1995
Background:
During this time, the insurgency in Kashmir is present which essentially is the conflict between the Kashmiri separatists and the Government of India. During the partition of India and Pakistan, the distribution of the land of Kashmir was not understood as it was in the middle of both countries. As a result there were two groups fighting for different things to be done to the land. The Kashmiri separatists wanted the land to be it's own nation while the Government of India wanted the land to be apart of India. The Government disagrees with these separatists groups and sens members to detention camps. As a result, these groups keep a low profile to be protected. The movie "Haider" takes place during this conflict which heavely impacts the citizens of Srinagar.
Atmosphere:
Throughout the movie, the sets are always seen to be in open land spaces that are surrounded by ample amounts of water. The town in which the movie is created is a quiet, low-middle class society in which citizens are seen wearing neutral colours and are typically found doing chores on land. Through this, a peaceful yet intimidating atmosphere is created as although it may be a serene background, in terms of the dullness and lack of excitement present in the town, the violent scenes that occur in the movie become much more dramatic and frightening to watch. This enhances the movie as it becomes more climactic and intense. Additionally, this atmosphere is created through the soundtrack of mysterious music that plays in the background that in essence serves as a sound of warning for what is coming. This use of sound is effective in enhancing the atmosphere as well, as it adds drama and ultimately makes the movie more intense to watch
Atmosphere Continued:
All in all, the movie creates a historical, direful and intimidating atmosphere through the use of the town it is filmed in, the citizen's daily routine and living conditions, the ongoing insurgency and through the use of sound. Ultimately it is through this atmosphere that the movie becomes spine chilling and interesting to watch.
The learning of the insurgency in Kashmir, allows viewers to understand the consequences and affects on individuals living in this environment. Viewers can relate and reflect on how dangerous living conditions were. Everyone was suspected to be a part of a separatist group and random military raids occurred in which every citizen of the city is to come out of their homes. Through this the Government hopes to find individuals who have associated themselves with these terrorist groups and send them to detention camps.
The understanding of this is important as it is what rives the movies plot. Hilaal, performs surgery on the leader of the separatist group and during a military raid is caught, taken to a camp, and ultimately murdered. If the movie was not set in this setting, the crime would not have occurred and thus, Haider would not feel the need to avenge his father's death. All in all, the setting and time period places a crucial role in the movie's plot.
Prominent Themes in Each Work
Throughout this play several characters are seen taking revenge on each other for different reasons. However, in the end it become evident that revenge is a primary driving force of plot and severely impacts majority of the characters.
Hamlet- Is seen to be seeking revenge against Claudius for his hand in his father's death. Upon learning of the true reason behind his father s death from his father's ghost he agrees to avenge his death and expresses his profound feelings on revenge, “Haste me to know’t, that I,/ with wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love,/ May sweep to my revenge” (1.5.29-31). Additionally, he is seen to be seeking revenge on his friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern after learning of their unfaithfulness to him. He learns of the letter they are instructed to carry regarding his murder, and switches the letter to a request that they both be murdered upon reaching England. Through this act of switching a royal letter, and attaching a royal stamp to make it seem official, demonstrates Hamlet's great urge for revenge, as he goes to all extents to achieve it.
Laertes- He becomes infuriated on the learning of his father's death and as a result seeks revenge against Hamlet as it was his doing. His desire for revenge becomes known in his speech about illegitimacy and bastardy. He explains that, " That drop of blood that’s calm proclaims me bastard, / Cries cuckhold to my father, brands the harlot / Even here between the chase unsmirchéd brow / Of my true mother” (1760 4.5 114-117). Through this metaphor or illegitimacy we learn of the severity of his motivation for revenge and the redemption of his father. His drive for revenge is also seen through the way he unhesitatingly agrees to a fencing duel with Hamlet. Essentially, revenge overcome shim and his whole purpose to living becomes related to avenging his father's unnecessary death.
Fortinobras- He is also seen to be afflicted with a desire for revenge as throughout the play his goal is seen to get back certain land. His father, The King of Norway, was killed by Hamlet's father, the King of Denmark. This was resulted in a fight between the two regrading some land. Fortinobras wanted to get revenge on his fathers death through retrieving the land that was once lost. Early on the play, he attempt for revenge is seen to be quick and irrational as we hear that, “Now, sir, young Fortinbras/ Of unimproved mettle hot and full,/Hath in the skirts of Norway here and there/Shark'd up a list of lawless resolutes” (1,1, 95-98).
All in all, majority of the male characters are seen to be seeking revenge for various reasons but, nonetheless, it is seen to be a prominent theme that drives the plot of the play. Each character who seeks revenge becomes so consumed in the desire that they begin making irrational and crucial decisions without contemplating the effects. As a result, majority of the plays duels, arguments and speeches becomes associated with revenge and either ones inability or ability to achieve it. In Hamlet, the concept of revenge is portrayed in a much more significant manner than in "Haider" as many more characters are seen to seek revenge regarding their own issue. Thus, revenge is seen as a prominent and significant theme in Hamlet.
William Shakespeare's Hamlet is seen to be set in the early 1500's which allows one to understand the prominent theme of gender roles in the play. Females and males are both set to have a certain characteristics and roles to play in society.
Ophelia-In their society, she is the embodiment of cherished femininity and overall representative of female norms in their patriarchal society. She is seen to comply with the system that protects her and doesn't question anything in particular, typical female qualities. In their society, the ideal woman is cherished for her youth, beauty and purity. These qualities are appreciated and boundaries are set up to protect the females in their society. They are expected to be controlled by the men in their lives, symbolizing their inferiority. Ophelia represents these traits and can be seen through the manner in which her brother discusses matters with her. He is seen saying, “Ophelia, I do wish that your good beauties be the happy cause of Hamlet’s wildness: so shall I hope your virtues will bring him to his wonted ways again,” (III.i.39-43).This reveals how women of their time are dominated by the men amongst them, and how their purity is oftentimes discussed.
Gertrude- On the other hand Gertrude is seen to defy the standards of her gender. Throughout the play her beauty is never praised, she is an older, and she is never seen to deny her sexuality. Additionally, she is not seen to be compliant towards her husband or any male character. Near the end of the play when she reaches out to drink wine from a cup out of happiness for her son's victory in a fencing duel, her husband demands that she doesn't drink from the cup. However, she expresses that she can drink if she wants, then proceeds to drink from the cup. This demonstrates her defiance of societal norms as she doesn't act inferior to her husband by complying. However, in the end, as a result of this behaviour she is killed, demonstrating that females who oppose societal expectations have no place to live. Her death symbolizes the importance of complying to female standards of living.
The Males- Throughout the play the men are portrayed as powerful, strong and dominating towards not only women but other men that they are surrounded by. Each male character including: Hamlet, Laertes, and Claudius is seen capable to fight other individuals showcasing their strength and bravery, and at some point they have used their dominating character to dictate others. Ultimately, Shakespeare demonstrates the patriarchal power in their society. Moreover, he shows how the patriarchal nature of the social order rewards and reinforces the compliance of woman. Overall, men are shown to be the superior and more powerful class amongst their society.
All in all, through the characterization and plot of Hamlet we learn that gender roles are a prominent theme found throughout the play. Alongside with seeing the awards of complying to gender norms, the consequences due to not abiding to societal gender expectations are also seen. Ultimately, we see these gender roles more clearly in Hamlet in comparison to "Haider", which makes it significant to this play. Without the theme of gender roles, the entire plot would be conducted in a different manner because the female characters would be able to carry out the dominating positions that males were seen in. As a result, the story could be portrayed in a completely different light, altering the ultimate essence and effect on viewers.
Throughout this movie madness is depicted in an extraordinary manner through the use of visual graphics. The shift in behaviour upon being exposed to cruel situations and experiences is heavily expressed as viewers are able to watch the transformation of ones sanity.
Hamlet- This is primarily seen through Haider upon learning of the truth behind his father's death. The pivoting moment of his loss of sanity is seen when he is revealed for the first time with a freshly shaved head, standing in the centre of the town square with a rope tied around his neck. He is seen to be wearing ripped, baggy clothes and expresses to a crowd of people his thoughts on life and death. Her, essentially, the media adaptation of Hamlets "To be or not to be" speech is performed. Through his acting we see how much of an impact the learning of his father's death has had on his sanity. An individual that was once properly clothed, had a head of well combed hair, and talked positively, is transformed into someone who no longer represents that figure. Through this public speech his voice is also used with several accents, pauses, tunes, and volumes to portray the madness.
Haider- Additionally, the extremity of his madness is portrayed through the movies adaptation of Hamlets play called Mousetrap. Haider himself orchestrates a play through a song that reenacts the manner in which his father was murdered. He presents this song to his uncle, the man in charge of the murder, on his wedding day. The way in which he narrates the story with the use of sound, action, and props leaves viewers with goosebumps due to the passion it is conveyed with. Through the performance, his insanity is depicted due to array of emotions that are expressed in the small duration of the song. He is seen to be angry through the manner in which he screams at the audience, he is seen to be sad through his shedding of tears, and is also seen to be entertained through his momentary laughs. Essentially, this array of unconnected emotions depicts his madness and level of insanity.
Arshia- Her madness is also depicted through the movie in an effective manner through her learning of her father's betrayal. She had trusted that her father had good intentions on Haider and so told him information that he ultimately used to get Haider caught. Throughout her entire life she had trusted her father and they had a healthy relationship. However, her loss of sanity is revealed when she remains in her room following the event with string wrapped up all around her. Following that day, she is never seen to respond to other individuals that talk or ask her questions. However, she is seen smiling and humming a song about death and the miseries of life. This behaviour portrays how profoundly her sanity has been affected. She can no longer access her true emotions or grief and so covers it up with a smile. The last act that demonstrates her madness is her suicide. Following her fathers betrayal and the departure of her lover, she has lost her ability to rationalize situations and deal with emotions and ultimately commits suicide in her very own bed with string.
All in all, with the use of sound, action and props the madness of characters is able to be seen in an effective manner. In the movie "Haider" the theme of madness is made more visible because of the access to actions and visuals. In comparison, Hamlet solely uses words to describe the madness which does not come across as profoundly as in the media adaptation. Thus, madness is seen to be a prominent and interesting theme in "Haider" due to its ability to interact with the audience and provide emotional effect.
Throughout the movie we are able to see many characters deceive their loved ones as a result of selfish desires, obliviousness, or irrationality. However, regardless of the purpose, trust is betrayed and relationships are hurt. In 'Haider", deception is seen to be a more prominent theme then in Hamlet as viewers are physically able to see the emotional impact on individuals upon learning of family members and loved ones' betrayal. This is done in an effective manner through the actor's actions, dramatic sound effects, and the overall plot. Additionally, a greater number of characters are seen to be deceiving in the media adaption in comparison to the original play. However, this deception seen throughout the movie is what ultimately drives the plot and thus creates a basis for the entire movie. As a result, it is a significant and note worthy theme in the movie that cannot be overlooked.
Haider- He is seen to be deceived by a number of people throughout the movie. These people are all individuals he trusts, respects and values, thus the learning of their betrayal drives his insanity. Primarily, his uncle, Khurram, is seen to device him as he is the one who creates a terrorist group that ultimately kills his father, Hilaal. His uncle is seen comforting him on his fathers disappearance and also agrees to step up as the father figure in his family. He is someone he has always trusted, looked up to and respected as a result of being his beloved father's brother. However, this learning of betrayal has a profound impact on him as he becomes infuriated and thirsty for revenge. Additionally, his mother, Ghazala, is assumed to have betrayed him. When his dad's friend, Roohdaar, explains to him the cause of his father's death, he explains that his uncle had a messenger which allowed him to make a move at the correct time. He learns that the messenger must have been his mother, Ghazala. At the beginning of the movie, through flashbacks, we learn that he has always thought of his mother in a godly manner. He has never rejected her demands or shown disrespect to her in any manner. To him, she was the purest woman of all, and was someone he could trust. Thus, learning of the manner in which he deceived him for the pursuit of a new love, his uncle, holds a strong effect on Haider and leaves viewers with goosebumps as well. This is done through the intimidating soundtrack and raw emotions that are expressed on screen.
Haider- Additionally, he is deceived by his friends known as the Salmans. These are his childhood friends that have been with him since they were little kids. They trusted each other and shared a special bond of friendship. However, upon being told to spy on Haider and provide information on his doing to the police department, they agree. When Hiader learns of this betrayal he is unable to deal with his emotions rationally and goes to murder both of them. This demonstrates how deeply their deception impacted his sanity. Lastly, he is deceived by the love of his life, Arshia. In "Haider" Arshia is seen to be Haider's support both mentally and physically as she comforts him and follows him wherever he goes. His first, and only time crying throughout the movie is seen with her after she begs him to cry. This demonstrates how deep of a bond they share and how attached they are to each other. However, near the end of the movie Haider is chased by the police with the means to kill him as a result of knowledge that was spread to them by Arshia. Private information that he only told her, was revealed to the citizens of Srinagar, revealing her betrayal. It is this event that shreds the last bit of sanity present within him as he becomes completely driven by violence after learning of her deception.
Arshia- She is seen to be deceived by the person that she values and trusts most in her life, her father, Pervez. She was raised to believe that her father is truthful and loyal to her. As a result, she shares all her private news and information on Haider to him. However, he takes this private information to the police department to get him caught. When she learns of his betrayal she is heartbroken, disappointed, and infuriated because of him. She is seen to spend her days and nights alone in her room and refuses to speak to anyone. This reveals how profoundly his deception to her impacts her life.
Ghazala- Additionally, she is deceived by Khurram, her brother-in-law. She is seen to be in an affair with him while she is in a marriage with Hilaal. She expresses her love for him and thus inevitably there is trust between them. As a result, she is seen telling him that her husband is operating on a terrorist. However, he uses this information to get Hilaal caught and sent to a detention camp. Upon hearing of his betrayal, Ghazala becomes disheartened and shocked so much so that it results in her giving up her life to ensure Khurram, and his men die.
All in all, deception is seen to be a huge factor in "Haider" as several characters are involved in either betraying others, or are personally betrayed. This theme is shown to be a major factor of the plot development as without it the characters would not have built up emotions of sadness or madness that lead to them seeking revenge and making irrational decisions. Thus, this theme is crucial for the essence of the movie and its overall meaning.
After analyzing the characters, setting and prevalent themes in both works, it becomes evident that there are substantial differences in both works that make each one unique in their own way. The differences are important because they provide viewers with a look at the same underlying story with a different perspective. The differences also emphasize different aspects of the storyline which ultimately allows for viewers to be exposed to a different moral of the story. Different themes are highlighted in each work and as a result viewers conclude different understanding of the play. Nonetheless, that is the beauty of Shakespeare's work; it can be adapted to different forms but regardless, viewers are left astonished and mind blown at the level of depth and richness seen in the literature!