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The Soviet Union launched their first satellite called the sputnik on Oct. 4, 1957 and less than a month later they launched sputnik 2
The Americans had their first achievement in the space race, launching a satellite called Explorer 1. That same year, NASA was founded and publicly announced the creation of a program to send human passengers into space.
On April 12, 1961, the Soviets had the successful flight of Yuri Gagarin, the first person to fly in space.
Alan Shepard was launched into space and the flight took place on May 5, 1961.
Soviets sent the first woman into space, Valentina Tereshkova, in 1963
The Americans achieved the first interplanetary flyby when Mariner 2 sped past Venus in 1962
Canada launched their own rocket and the satellite Alouette-1.
the first Mars flyby was in 1965 with Mariner 4.
France joined the space race by launching their own satellite the Astérix an the rocket.
Japan joined the race with their launch in 1970 of the 4s rocket from the Uchinoura space center
Jan. 27, 1967, all three astronauts in the Apollo 1 capsule were killed during a launch rehearsal test that sparked a huge fire. But that catastrophic failure generated extensive redesigns of the spacecraft and a commitment to ensuring that the crew did not die in vain.
Oct. 11, 1968, NASA launched its first Apollo astronauts into space aboard a Saturn I rocket for the 11-day Apollo 7 mission.