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Columbian Exchange Project

Charlotte, Tiana, and Jenan

Ugali With Collard greens and Beef

Ugali

Ingredents:

- Maize

- Tomatoes

-Cows ( Beef)

- Collard Greens

- Wheat

- Onion

Maize

Maize

  • Originated- Americas (Central Mexico)

  • Dates it spread- 1493 Columbus brought it back.

  • Where it spread- Spread to Europe then to Asia.

  • Profitability- maize was able to grow in many conditions that were not suitable for other crops and it could grow almost all year round and was a staple crop and a major source of food.

  • Who Profited- Europe primarily profited from this item.

  • Labor Practices- free labor was used- slaves

Maize (Continued)

Maize (Continued)

  • Maize became a staple food and crop in many peoples cultures because it was easy and cheap to grow and buy.

  • It was appealing to the old world inhabitants because it helped to improve diets by providing nutrients and needed calories.

  • Environmental impact of new location- was grown more than other crops in areas with a diverse climate because they could grow in a more diverse climate.

Tomatoes

Tomatoes

  • Originated- Americas (Peru and Ecuador)- Aztecs
  • Dates it spread- The early 1500s when the Spanish came over and conquered the Aztecs and brought it back
  • Where it spread- goes to Italy and (Italy, England and Portugal)
  • Profitability- not very profitable because they were believed to be poisonous
  • Who Profited- Spain profited the most from the production of tomatoes
  • Labor Practices-no evidence of forced labor
  • Tomatoes were used in many different sauces, like pasta sauce and pizza sauce in Italy when they were found not to be poisonous.
  • They were also used as decorations when they were believed to be poisonous.
  • Environmental impact of new location-facilitated regional trade

Tomateos ( Continued)

Tomatoes ( Continued)

  • Tomatoes were used in many different sauces, like pasta sauce and pizza sauce in Italy when they were found not to be poisonous.

  • They were also used as decorations when they were believed to be poisonous.

  • Environmental impact of new location-facilitated regional trade

Collard Greens

Collard Greens

  • Originated- Eastern Mediterranean ( Greece)

  • Dates it spread-Came to the Americas in the early 1600s.

  • Where it spread- spread across the Americas and into South America because they are a cool season vegetable.

  • Profability- one of the crops that Slaves were allowed to grow for themselves, so they were not as profitable as many others mostly only grown for consumption. Were a crop that poor people could grow.

  • Who Profited- there was not much of a profit of collard greens because it was the slaves and poor man's food.

  • Labor Practices- free because they were grown by slaves but they were not widely sold and grown.

Collard Greens ( Continued)

Collard Greens ( Continued)

  • Enslaved people in the Americas weren't allowed to grow and harvest many vegetables but they were allowed to grow collard greens and they cooked them several times until it developed into a traditional food.

  • After becoming a staple in some European diets, European migrants to the Americas began filling their fields and dinner tables with collard greens.

  • Environmental impact of new location: created hazardous environment for farm workers.

Wheat

Wheat

  • Originated- Middle East

  • Dates it spread- Columbus brought it over in 1493

  • Where it spread- Spread around western America and then to the rest of the continent

  • Profitability- very profitable and was used as a major crop for food and income in the new world cash crop

  • Who Profited-Europeans

  • Labor Practices- (free or unfree)

Wheat (Continued)

Wheat ( Continued)

  • Wheat was introduced by the first English colonists and quickly became the main cash crop of farmers who sold it to urban populations and exporters.

  • In colonial times its culture became concentrated in the Middle Colonies, which became known as the “bread colonies”.

  • Environmental impact of new location- The Middle Colonies were able to produce more food than they could consume leading them to export wheat to other places such as Europe.

Cows/Beef

Cows

  • Originated- India and Mile East (Mesopotamia)

  • Dates it spread- 1525 at Vera Cruz, Mexico 15-16th century

  • Where it spread-spread throughout the americas

  • Profitability- provide a good source of income to sell the cows to the natives- in return for things the natives had, but not necessarily always money.

  • Who Profited- european settlers profited the most from cows and the production of beef

  • Labor Practices- free labor was used to farm cows

  • Cows introduced a new food source to the New World that could be used to produce many different things, like milk, meat, and cowhide.

  • Europeans heavily bred cows and greatly took care of them in order for them to be valuable in trade and profitable.

  • Environmental impact of new location- helped with agriculture from cow manure and helped to develop the plants

Onion

Onion

  • Originated- Central Asia

  • Dates it spread- planted in the new world as early as 1494
  • Where it spread- spread to all parts of America and to different islands, like Barbados.

  • Profitability- onions were inexpensive to plant, so Europeans made a large profit planting and selling onions (cash crop).

  • Who Profited-Spanish and Europeans profited the most.

  • Labor Practices-natives had to plant the seed in the land, but free labor was not used- farmers.

Onions (Continued)

Onion( Continued)

  • Pilgrims brought onions with them on the Mayflower to be a garden crop. A popular commercial crop in England, they did not wait long to produce onions for market in New England. One bushel of onion was included on a cargo list of a coaster on Long Island Sound in 1667 and more were documented on vessels in 1718 headed as far as the Barbados.

  • The cultivation of crops like onions force aboriginal peoples to change there entire diet.

  • Environmental impact of new location-had to have a clear field and the correct climate to grow, and if these rules were not followed it could cause the land to be unusable.

Causes

Causes

  • Age of Exploration

  • Quest for Gold, God, and Glory.

  • To strengthen empires.

  • Wanting to find a new sea route to Asia but discovering the Americas instead.

  • Europe and America both discovering new things from one another.

Effects to Old World

Effects to Old World

  • Gained many resources important to them like Gold/Silver.

  • Potatoes and corn became major food sources for Europeans.

  • Population increase.

  • A change in the economy, introduction of cash crops like tobacco due to its discovery.

  • Gained American land.

Effects to New World

Effects to New World

  • Introduction to deadly diseases that they were not immune to.

  • Decrease in population.

  • Trade resulting in pigs, cows, and horses gave the western hemisphere more food and animals for them to use.

Sorces

LSourcesE

  • https://www.aislemine.com/uncategorized/from-athens-greece-to-athens-georgia-the-history-of-collard-greens/

  • https://prezi.com/tq3s9tbr9a1k/colombian-exchange-pigs-and-cows/

  • https://www.onions-usa.org/all-about-onions/history-of-onions/

  • https://thecolumbianexchange.weebly.com/maize.html

  • https://prezi.com/p/fd-kijkeck7u/onions/

  • https://www.beyondpesticides.org/resources/eating-with-a-conscience/choose-a-crop?foodid=14

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