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El Present Perfect (Presente Perfecto) se forma con el auxiliar HAVE y un PARTICIPIO
Es un tiempo compuesto, por ello necesitamos el verbo haber es necesario como en español.
Ese verbo aunque, a veces podamos confundir con el tener, es el verbo have porque dicho verbo en español tiene los tres significados.
Es una forma no personal del verbo, en español termina normalmente en -ido, en inglés tiene dos maneras de hacerlo:
- Verbos regulares: le añadimos -ed
talk---talked
- Verbos irregulares: la tercera columna del listado de verbos irregulares.
buy---bought
I HAVE NOT TALKED OR I HAVEN'T TALKED
YOU HAVE NOT BOUGHT OR YOU HAVEN'T BOUGHT
HE HAS NOT SPOKEN OR HE HASN'T SPOKEN
SHE HAS NOT SENT OR SHE HASN'T SENT
IT HAS NOT EATEN OR IT HASN'T EATEN
WE HAVE NOT DRIVEN OR WE HAVEN'T DRIVEN
YOU HAVE NOT WRITTEN OR YOU HAVEN'T WRITTEN
THEY HAVE NOT READ OR THEY HAVEN'T READ.
HAVE +SUJE+PARTICIPIO+C+?
HAS+ HE/SHE/IT + PARTICIPIO+C?
WH+HAVE/HAS+SUJE+PARTICIPIO+C+?
WH: WHAT , WHERE,WHO, HOW, WHY ETC...
YES , I HAVE
NO , I HAVEN'T
YES, HE HAS
NO , SHE HASN'T
Con esto nos referimos a las palabras que son usuales que aparezcan en este tiempo verbal y nos ayudan a dar determinada información de este tiempo verbal.
SINCE: NOS VA A INDICAR UN MOMENTO CONCRETO EN EL QUE EMPIEZA LA ACCIÓN.
FOR: NOS VA A INDICAR UN PERIODO EN EL QUE VA A OCURRIR LA ACCIÓN.
I HAVE LIVED IN LONDON SINCE 2017
YOU HAVE STUDIED SINCE JANUARY
HE HAS MARRIED SINCE 22nd MAY
I have lived there for three years
you have spoken for two hours
he has studied Chinese for ten years
Already-- se traduciría por ya y va colocado justo delante del participio// frases afirmativas
I have already studied for my exam
he has already bought eggs.
Yet-- se traduciría por todavía y va colocada al final de la frase siempre debe ser negativa.
you haven't talked to Mary yet
she hasn't written the e-mail yet.
JUST- SE TRADUCIRÍA POR ACABAR DE.
VA DELANTE DEL PARTICIPIO.
I have just studied English
He has just eaten his meal.
Recently- recientemente y va al final de la frase
I have bought a new car recently
She has read this book recently
NEVER- Va delante del participio. Significa Nunca-tiene connotaciones negativas.
I have never studied Japanese
it has never eaten fish.
-Have you ever been in London?
¿ Has estado alguna vez en Londres?
-Has she ever liked this music?
¿Te ha gustado alguna vez esta música?