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MAUS : ART SPIEGELMAN
Sep 1, 1939
May 8, 1945
Art Spiegelman
Life + Purpose of MAUS
Art Spiegelman, of Polish / Jewish descent wrote MAUS as a recollection of his father's memories of the Holocaust.
His mother committed suicide due to the aftermath of the events.
The overall theme of MAUS is how the past and the present interwtine. How the holocaust affected the next generation.
NAZI GROWTH
"The Jews are undoubtedly a race, but they are not human" - Adolf Hitler
Ein
RISE TO POWER
Zwei
FASCISM
-Ideology against equalitarian beliefs
THE AXIS was comprised of: (Italy, German, Japan)
Its objective was to unify countries under one race.
If you were not part of a pure Aryan race, or part of the dominant race. You would be expected to be eliminated.
End goal is to become fully self sufficient, removing weak people by executing or deporting them.
Social ideology, fascism promotes moral superiority. Abortions were legal and obligatory for non Aryans.
RACIAL PURITY WAS THE OBJECTIVE
Drei
BLITZKRIEG
Blitzkrieg (German, "lightning war") is a method of warfare whereby an attacking force, spearheaded by a dense concentration of armored and motorized or mechanized infantry formations with close air support.
This breaks through the opponent's line of defense short, fast, powerful attacks and then dislocates the defenders, using speed and surprise to encircle them with the help of air superiority
CONCENTRATION CAMPS
Uniquely at Auschwitz, prisoners were tattooed with a serial number, on their left breast for Soviet prisoners of war and on the left arm for civilians.
They wore patches to indicate certain aspects of each prisoner. (German: Winkel) sewn onto on their jackets below their prisoner number.
1) Political prisoners (Schutzhäftlinge or Sch), mostly Poles, had a red triangle,
2) Criminals (Berufsverbrecher or BV) were mostly German and wore green.
3) Asocial prisoners (Asoziale or Aso), which included vagrants, prostitutes and the Roma, wore black.
5) Purple was for Jehovah's Witnesses
6) Pink for gay men, who were mostly German. An estimated 5,000–15,000 gay men prosecuted under German Penal Code Section 175 (proscribing sexual acts between men) were detained in concentration camps.
7) Jews wore a yellow badge, the shape of the Star of David, overlaid by a second triangle if they also belonged to a second category. The nationality of the inmate was indicated by a letter stitched onto the cloth.
Auschwitz
Leben in der Holocasut
Auschwitz Reels
INFRACTIONS WERE:
1.
Prisoners received half a liter of coffee substitute, but no food. A second gong rolled in, and people in rows of ten needed to be counted. No matter how cold it was, prisoners had to wait for the SS to arrive for the count. How long they stood depended on the officer’s mood, or hand out beatings or detention for infractions.
Prisoners would wake up at 4:00 in the morning, they would be beat with sticks, to make them wash latrines.
Dirty food plates
Missing buttons on uniform
One worker was assigned to latrines, to measure the time each person took to pee and poop.
After they would work 11 + hours. In prison, the women’s orchestra was forced to play cheerful music as workers left camp
Evening meal is 300 g of bread, often moldy, tablespoon of cheese, or 25g of margarine or sausage. Extra labor had more rations.
Workers would take weekly showers on Sunday. They were allowed to write to their families. No watches, calendars, or clocks were permitted.
Second roll call after work, people may be hanged. Inmates slept in rows of brick or wooden bunks. Lying on their clothes and shoes. Inmates lay on straw. 8,000 people in one barrack.
Prisoners in Block 11 were violators of rules were punished.
Sent into rooms that had 5 x 5 cm openings and would run otut of air. Or the SS would light us a candle to use up the oxygen more quickly.
The Nazis did medical tests on Jews, finding twins, they would have them killed and dissected. Jewish children were killed for pseudoscience. There was a Jewish skeleton collection.
Auswirkungen auf die Zukunft.
EXTERMINATION PROCESS
Plan for extermination of European Jews. In territories under German control, were authorized to the Chief of Security.
Some were worked to death, some were killed, or Firing squads. The primary methods of gas killings were in 1941 in Auschwitz.
SS Men would throw a Zyklon B container into the vents of the roofs. And the victims would die in 20 minutes. Screaming and moaning from within could be heard outside. And Motorcycle engines were revved up to full throttle so the sound could be heard over the engines
More than 700 victims could be killed at once. To keep the victims calm, they told them they were undergoing disinfection and they would be undressed outside. They would be locked in the building and gassed.
People wearing gas masks dragged the bodies, the victim’s valuables were removed. The corpses moved to nearby generators.
Of the estimated 1.3 million people sent to Auschwitz, at least 1.1 million died, around 90 percent of them Jews. Approximately one in six Jews killed in the Holocaust died at the camp”.
In the following scenes from Schindler's list, write down your reaction to the injustices committed to the Jewish community in Poland.
What does this teach us about humanity?
What does it teach you about hatred and acceptance?
How can this affect future generations?