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- Coral Reef: Long line of coral that lies in warm, shallow water
Facts
- Animals
- Tiny polyps
- Polyps lay the limestone foundation
- Contains algae called zooxanthellae
- Stretches 2300km & 35m deep
- World’s largest coral reef ecosystem
- More than 600 different types of corals
Why are coral reefs so important?
Importance
- Biodiversity
- Natural breakwater
- Shorelines and wetlands
- Planet’s temperature
- Tourists & sustainable employment
- Economic and environmental services
- New medicines
Damage
&
Impact
- Fishing
- Pollution
- Global aquarium trade
- Tourism
- No protection of the coastlines
=
more typhoons and hurricans
- Less food
- Economic failures
Overfishing
- Unbalance the ecosystem
Ex) Overfishing of Groupers
(Groupers --> Damselfish --> destruction of corals)
- Impacts...
- fish populations & ecosystem
- human communities
- Can stress corals, shatter coral colonies, and kill coral tissues
- Cyanide kills corals
- Fishers break corals in attempt to extract stunned fish
- Corals become entangled in these nets
- Corals are torn away from their bases
Solutions
- Human activities and fishing are managed to ensure sustainability
- Less than 2% of the oceans are protected
- More no-catch zones
- Help corals recover
- Goal: To create framework for rebuilding overfished stocks in a short a time as possible
- Established annual catch limits
- Prevents overfishing
- Rebuild overfished stocks
- Provides fishing opportunities and economic benefits
- Purchase sustainably harvested (farmed) seafood
- Check out msc.org
- Sign petitions
- Hughes, Terence. "Great Barrier Reef." World Book Advanced, World Book, 2017, www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar233900. Accessed 13 Nov. 2017.
- Dodge, Richard E. "Coral reef." World Book Advanced, World Book, 2017, www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar749237. Accessed 13 Nov. 2017.
- Baker, Sherry. "Rescuing the Reefs." Discover, vol. 29, no. 6, June 2008, p. 15. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mih&AN=31968436.
- "Great Barrier Reef." Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, 2017, p. 1p. 1. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=funk&AN=GR084100.
- Russell, Reichelt. “Facts about the Great Barrier Reef.” Australia Government - Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, www.gbrmpa.gov.au/about-the-reef/facts-about-the-great-barrier-reef.
- US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA. “Are Corals Animals or Plants?” NOAA's National Ocean Service, 5 Oct. 2010, oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral.html.
- ICRI. “Benefits of Coral Reefs.” Benefits of Coral Reefs International Coral Reef Initiative, www.icriforum.org/about-coral-reefs/benefits-coral-reefs.
- US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA. “Corals.” NOAA National Ocean Service Education: Corals, oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/corals/coral07_importance.html.
- McCarty, Rebecca, and Daniel Blechynden. “The Effects of Overfishing on Coral Reefs.”Greentumble - Together to Support Awareness & Conservation Activities, 28 Oct. 2015, greentumble.com/the-effects-of-overfishing-on-coral-reefs/.
- Bauer, Adriana. “Importance of Coral Reefs - Biodiscovery and the Great Barrier Reef.”Queensland Museum, www.qm.qld.gov.au/microsites/biodiscovery/05human-impact/importance-of-coral-reefs.html.
- April 8, 2016 · by orionsmcc · in Conservation Policy, Conservation Success Stories, Fisheries, Marine Conservation · 7 Comments, and Tags: bycatch, conservation, conserve, fish, fisheries, Magnuson Stevens Act, marine life, marine protected area, NOAA, ocean, overfishing, Seafood Watch, Sustainable seafood, USA. “How the World Can Stop Overfishing – A Case Study of U.S. Fishery Success.” Conserve, 8 Oct. 2016, howtoconserve.org/2016/04/08/how-to-stop-overfishing/.
- US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “How Does Overfishing Threaten Coral Reefs?” NOAA's National Ocean Service, 23 June 2016, oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral-overfishing.html.
- Actman, Jani. “In Tanzania, a Horrific Fishing Tactic Destroys All Sea Life.” National Geographic, National Geographic Society, 21 Mar. 2017, news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/12/151230-Tanzania-blast-fishing-dynamite-coral-reefs/.
- “The Horrendous Way Fish Are Captured for Your Aquarium-With Cyanide.” National Geographic, National Geographic Society, 22 Mar. 2016, news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/03/160310-aquarium-saltwater-tropical-fish-cyanide-coral-reefs/.
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqDFba2xE2o